SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR OF FEMALE WISTAR RATS TREATED WITH HYDROMETHANOLIC FRUIT PULP EXTRACT OF Azanza garckeana F. Hoffm.
SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR OF FEMALE WISTAR RATS TREATED WITH HYDROMETHANOLIC FRUIT PULP EXTRACT OF Azanza garckeana F. Hoffm.
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Date
2023-07
Authors
AHMAD, AISHA
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Abstract
Sexual dysfunction has been estimated to affect 40% of females worldwide. Ripened fruits of
Azanza garckeana are consumed traditionally as an aphrodisiac without proper scientific
investigation. This work was aimed at evaluating the sexual behavior of female Wistar rats treated
with hydromethanolic fruit pulp extract of Azanza garckeana F. Hoffm. Azanza garckeana fruit
was gotten from Kaltungo local government of Gombe state. The fruit pulp was air dried after
removal of the seeds and pulverized. The pulverized sample was macerated in 70% methanol and
30% water for 72hrs, and then filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness to obtain the
extract. Twenty-five female Wistar rats and five (5) male Wistar rats were used for the study, the
female animals were randomly divided into 5 groups (n= 5): Group I served as normal negative
control and received 1ml/kg distilled water, group II served as positive control and received 100
μg estradiol valerate and 50 μg progesterone 48 hr and 5 hr respectively before sexual
behavioural test, while group III, IV and V received 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg body
weight of the Azanza garckeana extract respectively for 14 days orally before the sexual behavior
test. Sexual behavioral tests were performed with sexually experienced male rats 1:1 after the
treatment period in a unilevel pacing chamber and the process videotaped for proper scoring.
Proceptive behaviors and Lordosis was extrapolated as index for the level of proceptivity and
receptivity respectively in the female animals. At the end of the experiment, the rats were
anaesthetized with combined doses of ketamine and diazepam injection (50mg/kg/10mg/kg i.p).
Blood sample was collected via cardiac puncture for hormonal assays which were done using
ELISA kit for estrogen, progesterone and testosterone. The ovaries and uterus were dissected out
and fixed in 10% formalin for histological examination. The result showed a significant increase
(P<0.05) in proceptivity and receptivity in the treatment (III, IV & V) and positive control (II)
groups when compared with the negative control (I) group, indicating enhanced sexual behaviour.
The hormonal assay results revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in the serum estrogen (P<0.05)
and a significant decrease in serum progesterone in the extract treated groups except at 500 mg/kg
dose where it was significantly increased (P<0.05) when compared to all groups. There was
significant decrease in testosterone when compared to negative control in the extract treated
groups and positive control. The time spent in the male chambers and the number of entries into
the male chambers also significantly increased in the extract treated groups when compared to
negative control. The histological sections of ovaries and uterus revealed normal uterine and
ovarian histoarchitecture, however increased follicular development in the ovary and glandular
hyperplasia in the uterus were seen in the treated groups when compared to negative control. In
conclusion Azanza garckeana hydromethanolic fruit pulp extract demonstrated aphrodisiac
property, and may be used for the treatment of women with hypoactive sexual desire.
Description
A THESIS DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE
STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN HUMAN
PHYSIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY, FACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL
SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA