CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF THE BARKS OF ANOGEISSUS LEOCARPUS AND F1CUS 1TTE0PHYLLA
CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF THE BARKS OF ANOGEISSUS LEOCARPUS AND F1CUS 1TTE0PHYLLA
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Date
1998-11
Authors
ADIGUN, JOHN OYEYIOLA
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Abstract
Compounds were extracted from the bark of the plants Anogeissus let/carpus and
Fiats ittcophylla using the extracting solvents petroleum spirit, n-hexane. ethyl acetate.
chloroform, ethanol, methanol and water. The extracts which are mainly solids were purified
by column chromatography and / recrystallisation
F'etrolcum spirit and chloroform extracts of Anogeissus leocarpus contain mainly
hexadecanoic, oleic and linoleic acid and some carboxylic acid esters. The polyhdroxy
compounds mannitol, glycerol, sucrose, a- and B-D-glucose together with 3,4,3'-tri-()-
methylflavellagic acid and the glycosides ethyl fructose and 3.4.3-tri-()-methylflvellagic
acid-4'-()-glucosidc were identified from the methanol and ethanol extracts. The aqueous
extract contains alpha- and beta-D-glucose, mannitol, levulinic acid and ethyl fructose All these
identification were made from 'H. 13C and 1H-1H-COSY NMR spectra, IV, IR, GC-MS
and 3-part TLC with authentic samples
Cytotoxicity experiments on the crude methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts on
Anemia salina show that they have an LC50 of 563 ± 9 |ig/cm"\ 163 ±10ug/cm3 and 163 ±
10 jig/cm' respectively. These extracts and the isolated 3,4,3',-tri-O-mcthyyivellagic acid-4'-
()-glucoside also possess growth inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Estheriaa
coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans at various concentrations.
The bark of Fiats illeophylia was extracted with organic solvents and water as was
Anogeissus leocarpus. 'H, 13C and 'H-'H-COSY NMR, UV, IR, GC-MS and 3-part TLC
with authentic samples indicate that the plant contains hexadecanoic, octadecanoic
nonadecanoic, decanoic quinic and lactic acids, alpa- and beta-D-glucosc. mannitol, catechol, and
4-(2'-dimethylaminoethylphenol) i.e hordeninc (which is now being reported for the first
time as a constituent of the plant)
Pharmacologocal experiments on the effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts on the
smooth muscle indicates that they possess dose dependent contraction effects. Hordenine
possesses both contraction and relaxation effects respectively at low concentration and high
concentrations and is probably the active principle in the drug
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO
THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA-NIGERIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR
THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF SCIENCE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA-NIGERIA
Keywords
CHEMICAL ANALYSES,, BARKS,, ANOGEISSUS LEOCARPUS,, F1CUS 1TTE0PHYLLA