ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF VibriocholeraeFROM WATER SOURCES IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
ISOLATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF VibriocholeraeFROM WATER SOURCES IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2015-01
Authors
BULUS, GYAMNDAH HOPE
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Water is life and has a profound effect on human health. Vibrio cholerae is autochthonous
in aquatic environment and is an important human waterborne pathogen causing
cholera.This study was designed to determine the presence of Vibrio cholerae in some
water sources in Zaria, Nigeria. A total of 207 water samples from wells, boreholes, tap,
street vendors, and rivers were collected from Samaru, Sabon Gari and Zaria city and
filtered using the membrane filtration technique. The filtrate on the filter paper was plated
on thiosulphate citrate bilesalt sucose agar(selective medium)with prior enrichment on
alkaline peptone water. Presumptive isolates were identified and characterized using both
conventional biochemical method and Microgen (MicrogenTM GnA+B–ID System)
identification kit. Isolates were serotyped using Vibrio cholerae antisera kit (Deben
Diagnostics, Ltd.) and confirmed using PCR to detect presence of rfbO1, rfbO139 and
ompW (species specific) genes. Data were analyzed to determine percentage distribution
and prevalence of the pathogen and Krsukal-Wallis test was employed to acertain the
significance (P < 0.05). Out of nine (9) Vibrio species isolated, the conventional method
identified two (2) isolates as V. cholerae while the PCR confirmed five (5) isolates. Vibro
cholerae of the non O1/ non O139 serogroup were isolated from well, river and street
vended water with a prevalence of 2.4% in Zaria. Overall, V. cholerae was predominant in
river (33.3%) followed by well (4.9%) and least predominant in street vended water
(2.7%). None was isolated from borehole and pipeborne water. Water samples from Sabon
Gari were most contaminated with an occurrence of 3.2% followed by Samaru (2.6%)
while the least contaminated water samples were from Zaria city (1.5%). Results of this
study suggest that the use of PCR targeting ompW species specific gene of V.cholerae in
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combination with the conventional method would be an important tool in proper
identification of V. cholerae. Isolation of V. cholerae from some of the water sources
indicates that water plays a significant role in transmission of the organism, and drinking
water from such contaminated sources could pose a threat to public health. Hence,
government should ensure that potable water is made available and accessible to the
populace.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
A MASTER DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
Keywords
ISOLATION, MOLECULAR, CHARACTERIZATION, Vibriocholerae, WATER SOURCES, KADUNA