ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE WATER, SEDIMENT, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL, 1822) AND OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN KUBANNI RESERVOIR IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorJELILI, Abbas Olagunju
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-07T08:55:43Z
dc.date.available2021-06-07T08:55:43Z
dc.date.issued2020-03
dc.descriptionA DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractThis study was aimed at assessing the water quality, concentration of selected heavy metals in the water, sediment and fish species in Kubanni Reservior for 12 months. Purposive and standard methods of experimental analyses were adopted for the research. Three (3) sampling stations were established for collection of water, sediment and fish species. Thirty six (36) samples each were collected for water and sediment as well as seventy (72) samples for fish. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used for measurement of the levels of elements. The results shows that Temperature, pH, DO2, BOD, turbidity, COD, alkalinity, hardness, NO3-N, PO4- P,TDS and EC, ranged between within 23.30 -27.57ºC, 6.9 – 8.22H+, 8.68 – 6.40mg/l, 1.18 - 1.72mg/l, 41.01 – 64.73mg/l, 46.30 – 160.55mg/l, 30.00 – 77.10mg/l(CaCO3), 62.80 – 67.63mg/l(CaCO3), 0.31 – 0.49mg/l, 0.19 – 0.37mg/l, 89.00 – 197.00mg/l and 117.67 – 261.33μhoms/cm respectively. The physico-chemical parameters varied significantly (P<0.05) between the months in the three sampling stations. The mean concentration range of Pb, Mn and Zn in water were 0.00 – 0.24, 0.12 – 0.73 and 0.00 – 0.14mg/l, respectively, while in sediments it ranged from 16.05 – 87.35, 194.40 – 378.21and 155.07 – 259.36mg/kg respectively. Pb in sediments significantly varied between the stations. The mean concentration of Pb in the gill, liver and muscle was 0.35 – 2.15, 0.44 – 1.77 and 0.81 – 1.55mg/kg, respectively in Oreochromis niloticus and in Clarias gariepinus it was 0.62 – 1.37, 0.29 – 1.68 and 0.37 – 2.58mg/kg respectively. Mn in the gills, liver and muscle of Orechromis niloticus were between 43.93 – 90.09, 7.60 – 26.46 and 7.67 – 40.37 mg/kg respectively; Mn in muscle of Orechromis niloticus varied significantly (P<0.05) between the station. In Clarias garieinus, Mn concentration were 26.04 – 69.51, 2.98 – 9.40 and 2.52 – 6.83mg/kg in gills, liver and muscle respectively. The mean concentration of Zn in the gills, liver and muscle of Orechromis niloticus ranged between 29.10 – 82.67, 1.98 – 6.40 and 15.33 – 44.14mg/kg respectively. Zn in gills of Orechromis niloticus varied significantly (P<0.05) between the stations. Zn in bt5he gills, liver and muscle of Clarias gariepinus were 15.82 – 30.99, 1.30 – 18.21 and 8.18 – 24.10 mg/kg respectively. The levels of Pb in water, Mn in gills of Clarias gariepinus, gills, liver and muscle of Orechromis niloticus were above the World Health Organization (WHO). limit. The results showed evidence of bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the fish with levels that are higher than WHO limits. There pose a potential health risk for inhabitants that depend on the reservoir for fish consumption and water for domestic use. Constant monitoring of the levels of contamination to assess the impact of the heavy metals is hereby recommended.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12401
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectASSESSMENT,en_US
dc.subjectHEAVY METALS,en_US
dc.subjectWATER, SEDIMENT,en_US
dc.subjectCLARIAS GARIEPINUS,en_US
dc.subject(BURCHELL, 1822),en_US
dc.subjectOREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS,en_US
dc.subject(LINNAEUS,1758),en_US
dc.subjectKUBANNI RESERVOIR,en_US
dc.subjectKADUNA STATE,en_US
dc.subjectNIGERIA.en_US
dc.titleASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE WATER, SEDIMENT, CLARIAS GARIEPINUS (BURCHELL, 1822) AND OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) IN KUBANNI RESERVOIR IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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