STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LIQUID HERBAL PREPARATIONS SOLD IN MINNA METROPOLIS

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dc.contributor.authorMUHAMMAD, TASALLAH HAUWA
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-19T10:06:41Z
dc.date.available2014-03-19T10:06:41Z
dc.date.issued2011-03
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA.en_US
dc.description.abstractA total of one hundred and fifty (150) Herbal Medicinal samples were collected from 3 local governments in Minna metropolis.Bacteriological analysis of the liquid samples were carried out for the isolation of bacteria using standard methods. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from these products, the isolates were evaluated for Total aerobic plate count, Gram’s reaction, Biochemical reaction and preservatives employed. Also antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates to selected antimicrobial agents was determined by the disc diffusion method and their multiple antibiotic resistances (MAR) index calculated. Bacterial contamination was found in 67.33% of the samples. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were detected more frequently than other species i.e Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, Bacillus firmus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In total, two hundred and four (204) bacteria were recorded. The aerobic plate count result showed the highest count of 108 in thirteen (8.7%) samples, 107 in fourty seven samples and no bacterial count was recorded in fourty nine (32.7%) of the samples. The effects of preservatives were determined. The Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates showed some varying degree of resistance. At least, 98.3% of the isolates had MAR index of 0.3 and above. The bacterial isolates in this study were found to be generally resistant to the readily available cheap and often abused antimicrobial agent, which is an indication that they originate from an environment where antibiotics are frequently used. In conclusion the study revealed that most of Herbal preparations were not sterile and may serve as source of infection to the consumers. Due to the unhygienic conditions under which these products were prepared, there is the need for the intervention of regulatory body likes the National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) to carry out more detailed analysis of these herbal preparations.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4039
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectSTUDIES,en_US
dc.subjectANTIBIOTIC,en_US
dc.subjectSUSCEPTIBILITY,en_US
dc.subjectPATHOGENIC,en_US
dc.subjectBACTERIA,en_US
dc.subjectISOLATED,en_US
dc.subjectLIQUID,en_US
dc.subjectHERBAL,en_US
dc.subjectPREPARATIONS,en_US
dc.subjectSOLD,en_US
dc.subjectMINNA METROPOLISen_US
dc.titleSTUDIES ON ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LIQUID HERBAL PREPARATIONS SOLD IN MINNA METROPOLISen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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