STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LIQUID HERBAL PREPARATIONS SOLD IN MINNA METROPOLIS
STUDIES ON ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM LIQUID HERBAL PREPARATIONS SOLD IN MINNA METROPOLIS
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Date
2011-03
Authors
MUHAMMAD, TASALLAH HAUWA
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Abstract
A total of one hundred and fifty (150) Herbal Medicinal samples were collected from 3 local
governments in Minna metropolis.Bacteriological analysis of the liquid samples were carried out
for the isolation of bacteria using standard methods. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from these
products, the isolates were evaluated for Total aerobic plate count, Gram’s reaction, Biochemical
reaction and preservatives employed. Also antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates to selected
antimicrobial agents was determined by the disc diffusion method and their multiple antibiotic
resistances (MAR) index calculated. Bacterial contamination was found in 67.33% of the samples.
Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were detected more frequently than other species i.e
Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, Bacillus firmus, Klebsiella aerogenes, Streptococcus faecalis
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In total, two hundred and four (204) bacteria were recorded. The
aerobic plate count result showed the highest count of 108 in thirteen (8.7%) samples, 107 in fourty
seven samples and no bacterial count was recorded in fourty nine (32.7%) of the samples. The
effects of preservatives were determined. The Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates showed some
varying degree of resistance. At least, 98.3% of the isolates had MAR index of 0.3 and above. The
bacterial isolates in this study were found to be generally resistant to the readily available cheap
and often abused antimicrobial agent, which is an indication that they originate from an
environment where antibiotics are frequently used.
In conclusion the study revealed that most of Herbal preparations were not sterile and may serve as
source of infection to the consumers. Due to the unhygienic conditions under which these products
were prepared, there is the need for the intervention of regulatory body likes the National Agency
for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and Standard Organization of Nigeria
(SON) to carry out more detailed analysis of these herbal preparations.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD
OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN
MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
Keywords
STUDIES,, ANTIBIOTIC,, SUSCEPTIBILITY,, PATHOGENIC,, BACTERIA,, ISOLATED,, LIQUID,, HERBAL,, PREPARATIONS,, SOLD,, MINNA METROPOLIS