SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN PARVOVIRUS B19 AND HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN AMONG PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN PARVOVIRUS B19 AND HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN AMONG PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
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Date
2013-02
Authors
ADELOLA, JEGEDE
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Abstract
This study determined the seroprevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 (HPVB19) and
Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg) among patients attending Aminu Kano
Teaching Hospital and Hasiya Bayero Paediatric Hospital Kano. It also determined
some sociodemographic factors and some possible risk factors associated with
acquiring the viruses. A total of 460 blood samples were collected and analysed for
HPVB19 IgG by ELISA and HBsAg using the rapid test strip. Prevalence of 41.5%
(191/460) and 8.5% (39/460) was found for HPVB19 and HBsAg respectively. For
HPVB19 IgG seroprevalence increased with age with the highest prevalence (51%)
recorded among patients ≥51 years old while the lowest was among those < 1 year old
(χ2=13.130, df=6, P=0.04). Higher prevalence was found in female (42.6%:98/230)
than male patients (40.4%:93/230), though not statistically significant. With respect to
occupation the highest seropositivity was observed among farmers (64.2%:18/28)
while the lowest was among retired persons (27.2%:3/11). There was significantly
associated between level of formal education attained and HPVB19 (χ2 =10.363, df=4,
P=0.03) and number of persons living in a house (χ2 =14.303, df=1, P=0.00)
respectively but no statistically significant association was observed with marital
status and type of residence (P=0.3, P=0.5) respectively. History of transfusion was an
important risk factor for HPVB19 transmission (OR=2.0:1; P=0.08). The
seroprevalence among pregnant female patients was 41.5% (17/41). Despite the
availability of a vaccine a HBsAg prevalence rate of 8.5% (39/460) was reported in
this study. Patients in age group 21-30 years old had the highest prevalence of 15.5%
(16/103) but the virus was not detected in patients <1 year old and seropositivity was
significantly associated with age (χ 2=16.620, df=6, P=0.01). Prevalence in male
patients (8.2%:19/230) did not differ significantly from prevalence in female
(8.7%:20/230). In relation to marital status, level of education, type of residence and
number of persons living in a house, there was no statistically significant association
with Hepatitis B Virus. Similarly there was no statistically significant relationship
between blood transfusion, history of jaundice, organ transplant and HBV infection
among the study population. Overall, age was a significant factor in seroprevalence of
both viruses in the population.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS OF SCIENCE IN
MICROBIOLOGY
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE, HUMAN, PARVOVIRUS, B19, HEPATITIS, SURFACE, ANTIGEN, AMONG, PATIENTS, SELECTED, HOSPITALS, METROPOLIS, NIGERIA