VETERINARY MEDICINE

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Browsing VETERINARY MEDICINE by Subject "(AGAVACEAE),"

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    EVALUATION OF THE PROPERTIES OF CROTON LOBATUS LINN. (EUPHORBIACEAE) AND SANSEVIERIA LONGIFLORA SIMS (AGAVACEAE) LEAF EXTRACTS ON HEALING OF SURGICALLY CREATED CUTANEOUS WOUNDS IN RATS
    (2017-10) KILANI, MUHYIDEEN ADIO
    This study was carried out to evaluate the dermal wound healing potential and analgesic properties of water extract of these plants using excision wound model in white rats. Twenty six white rats (male and female) of 22 weeks old, weighing 180 to 200g were used for the assessment of wound healing. For the evaluation of wound healing properties of C. lobatus, 13 animals were divided in to 4 groups. Group I-III had 3 animals each that were used for the estimation of percentage wound contraction, epithelialisation time, microbial culture and tensometry while the group IV, containing 4 animals were used for histology and biochemical tests. This was repeated for S. longiflora using another set of 13 white rats. Full thickness skin excision of 1.0 X 1.0 cm was surgically created on 4 different part of the dorsum of each rat under anaesthetic condition using ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg/kg) and xylazine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg). Two wounds were treated using the local methods of preparations and water extracts respectively, the 3rd was treated with normal saline while the 4th wound was treated with Cicatrin powder as positive control. One animal was sacrificed from each of the C. lobatus and S. longiflora groups (IV and VIII) on the day 4, 7, 10 and 13 (post wounding) for histopathological evaluation while granulation tissue was harvested for the estimation of hydroxyproline, hexosamine, uronic acid and total protein content. Agar diffusion method was used to determine the antimicrobial properties of varied concentration of the C. lobatus and S. longiflora against culture of Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus Spp; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Proteus vulgaris; Escherichia coli; Salmonella Spp. Incisional wound model was used to test for analgesic properties of C. lobatus and S. longiflora. Eight white rats were divided into 2 groups. Four incisions of 1cm long were surgically created on 4 different part of the dorsum of each rat. C. lobatus water extracts was applied on the 1st group while the S. longiflora water extracts was applied on the 2nd group. Normal saline was used as negative control while xylocaine cream was used as positive control. Algometer was used to measure the pain perception over a period of 5 days. The ease of wound debridement in C. lobatus and S. longiflora treated wounds were significantly (p<0.0001) higher than that of Cicatrin treated wounds. Wound contraction in C. lobatus and S. longiflora treated wounds were significantly higher (p<0.001) than the Cicatrin treated wounds. Wound epithelialisation in C. lobatus and S. longiflora treated wounds were significantly higher (p<0.001 and p<0.05 respectively) than the Cicatrin treated wounds. Histopathology studies revealed that C. lobatus and S. longiflora plant extracts promoted formation of healthy granulation tissues, fewer inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. The period of epithelialisation of the wounds treated with water extract of C. lobatus and S. longiflora, normal saline and Cicatrin powder were 11.22 ± 0.40, 12.5 ± 0.65, 13.75 ± 0.45 and 17.56 ± 1.39 days respectively. The faster rate of wound healing in C. lobatus and S. longiflora water extract was supported by the increased hexosamine content. There was no significant difference between the mean tensile strength values of all the treated wounds (plant extracts, normal saline and Cicatrin) at day 22 after injury. Croton lobatus and S. longiflora water extract inhibited the growth of the common wound microbial organisms. The water extracts of these plants also possessed the ability to increase pain threshold in healing wounds. It was concluded that water extracts of C. lobatus and S. longiflora significantly promoted wound healing; hence in the future, they can serve as better agents for wound management though, C. lobatus showed a better activity.