INCIDENCE OF WOUND INFECTIONS IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN KANO AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE BACTERIA ISOLATES TO Alchorneacordifolia(Schumach&Thonn) Müll. Arg LEAF EXTRACTS

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dc.contributor.authorMOHAMMED, Aisha
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-20T08:16:51Z
dc.date.available2021-08-20T08:16:51Z
dc.date.issued2012-06
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractBoth retrospective and prospective studies of incidences of wound infection in patients that visited Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, were investigated in this study. In the retrospective study, the medical records of 651 patients diagnosed with wound infections that visited the hospital from April 2009 to September 2010 were analysed. Prospective studies involved taking swab samples from 150 patients with wound sites, culturing, isolation and identification of the infecting organisms and analysis of their susceptibilities to various antibiotics. Leaves of Alchorneacordifolia were extracted and subjected to phytochemical screening. Antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts were carried out using the disk diffusion, agar dilution and rate of death/survival. Analysis of medical records of 651 patients with wound infections showed that 77.9% of the wound sites were contaminated with various organisms, notably S. aureus, E. coli, Ps. aeruginosa and Klebsiellaspp in decreasing order of frequency. The most common infection site was surgical sites with amoxicillin, gentamicin and ceftriaxone being the most commonly prescribed antibiotics for the treatment of resulting infections.In the prospective study, 82% of the 150 specimens collected were infected with bacteria made up predominantly of S.aureus, Ps. aeruginosa, Citrobacterspp, E. coli and Pr.mirabilis. In - vitro antibiotic sensitivity tests showed varied sensitivity profiles of the isolated organisms to the various antibiotics. Ps. aeruginosa was found to be sensitive to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin, and the S.aureus isolates sensitive mostly to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, theEnterobacteriaceae isolates were generally more resistant to ceftazidime, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.Phytochemical screening of the Alchorneacordifolia leaf extracts revealed the presence of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. Using the agar well diffusion methods, the Ethyl Acetate fraction exhibited the greatest inhiInhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extracts/fractions against organisms ranged from 3.125mg/ml to 100mg/ml. Studies on the Rate of Death/Survival of the isolates in the Ethyl Acetate Fraction indicated that the fraction was bacteriostatic at MIC but bactericidal at higher concentrations. The results have therefore authenticated the claims of traditional healers in the use of the plant leafbitory activities against the wound bacterial isolates. The Minimumen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12514
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectINCIDENCE,en_US
dc.subjectWOUND INFECTIONS,en_US
dc.subjectTEACHING HOSPITAL,en_US
dc.subjectKANO,en_US
dc.subjectSUSCEPTIBILITY,en_US
dc.subjectBACTERIA ISOLATES,en_US
dc.subjectAlchorneacordifolia,en_US
dc.subjectMüll,en_US
dc.subjectArg LEAF EXTRACTS.en_US
dc.titleINCIDENCE OF WOUND INFECTIONS IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN KANO AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE BACTERIA ISOLATES TO Alchorneacordifolia(Schumach&Thonn) Müll. Arg LEAF EXTRACTSen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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