SEROPREVALENCE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
SEROPREVALENCE OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2012-10
Authors
YEROH, MICHAEL
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Human Cytomegalovirus is a major public health problem throughout the world. It is the
leading cause of congenital infections leading to neurological disabilities in children that
result to severe sequelae such as sensor neural hearing loss, neurodevelopment delay, or
blindness. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of human
cytomegalovirus among pregnant women in Kaduna State, Nigeria. Three hundred and
sixty three (363) blood samples were collected from 330 pregnant women attending
antenatal clinics and (33) from non pregnant women attending the out patient department in
three selected General hospitals in Kaduna State. The blood samples were examined for the
presence of CMV IgG antibodies by ELISA and IFA methods. About 93.3% and 94.8% of
pregnant women tested positive to CMV IgG antibodies by ELISA and IFA respectively
while 93.9% and 100% of non pregnant women tested positive by both methods
respectively. There was no statistically significant association between human
Cytomegalovirus infection and pregnancy by both methods (2=0.018, df=2, p=0.894
ELISA and 2=1.784, df=2, p=0.182 IFA). Infection with Human Cytomegalovirus was
strongly associated with the pregnant women by geographical zone (2=8.864, df,=2,
p=0.012 by ELISA and 2=15.381, df=2, p=0.000 by IFA) and employment status
(2=2.894, df=1, p=0.089 by ELISA which was weak and 2=5.624, df=1, p=0.018 by
IFA). There was no significant association between HCMV infection and age, parity,
gestation, education, number of marriages and previous transfusion by both ELISA and
IFA. As a result of the high prevalence of CMV infection observed in this study, it is
advisable that routine screening of CMV infection be implemented for all antenatal women
in the State. The sensitivity and specificity of IFA in relation to ELISA in this study was
96.1% and 17.4% respectively. Kappa test showed a slight degree of agreement between
ELISA and IFA results obtained in this study and Kappa was significant at p= 0.003.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE
SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE, CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, INFECTION, PREGNANT, WOMEN, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA