BIOAVAILABILITY OF IRON FROM BASELLA ALBA AND AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS LEAVES SUPPLEMENTED DIET IN IRON DEFICIENT ANAEMIC ALBINO RATS
BIOAVAILABILITY OF IRON FROM BASELLA ALBA AND AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS LEAVES SUPPLEMENTED DIET IN IRON DEFICIENT ANAEMIC ALBINO RATS
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Date
2016-01
Authors
MOSES, Ceaser Antiya
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Abstract
Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common form of micronutrient deficiency especially in the developing countries.The bioavailability of iron from blanched and unblanched Basella alba and Amaranthus hybridus leaves supplemented diet in iron deficient anaemic albino rats was investigated by determining vitamin C, antinutrients, speciation pattern of iron and effect of the leaves supplemented diet on serum ferritin and some haematological parameters using standard methods. Forty eight young albino rats were divided into eight groups. After induction of anaemia by feeding with iron deficient diet and deionized water, diet supplementation was carried out for 21 days. Amaranthus hybridus has a significantly (p<0.05) higher content of vitamin C (35 mg/100g), phytate (2.06 g/100g) and oxalate (89 mg/100g) than Basella alba. Basella alba recorded a significantly (p<0.05) higher levels of Fe, Zn, Cu, Ca and Mg than Amaranthus hybridus. Blanching significantly (p<0.05) decreased the vitamin C, phytate, oxalate and mineral content of both Basella alba and Amaranthus hybridus. Iron speciation pattern in the leaves showed that exchangeable and the residual forms of iron predominates over reducible and exchangeable in both leaves, which increased in B.alba but decreased in A.hybridus after blanching.After diet supplementation for 21 days, diet supplemented groups recorded significant (p<0.05) increase when compared with the anaemic rats. Groups supplemented with 10% unblanched A. hybridus recorded a significant increase in serum ferritin (138.40 ng/ml), red blood cell count (RBC) (11.97 x 106μl) and packed cell volume (PCV) (40.67%) when compared to the anaemic rats. Similarly, diet supplementation with 10% unblanched and blanched Basella alba and Amaranthus hybridus leaves respectively significantly (p<0.05) increased hemoglobin
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concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration but recorded no significant (p>0.05) increase in the mean corpuscular volume when compared with the anaemic rats. The results suggest that Basella alba and Amaranthus hybridus supplemented diet increase bioavailability of iron in iron deficient anaemic albino rats with unblanched vegetables exhibiting greater potentials than the blanched
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS DEGREE IN BIOCHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA
Keywords
BIOAVAILABILITY,, IRON,, BASELLA ALBA,, AMARANTHUS HYBRIDUS,, SUPPLEMENTED DIET,, IRON DEFICIENT ANAEMIC,, ALBINO RATS,