PRODUCING BIOSURFACTANTS FROM RENEWABLE HYDROCARBONS (SHEA BUTTER AND PALM-OIL WASTE SLURRIES) USING BACILLUS CEREUS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
PRODUCING BIOSURFACTANTS FROM RENEWABLE HYDROCARBONS (SHEA BUTTER AND PALM-OIL WASTE SLURRIES) USING BACILLUS CEREUS AND PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
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Date
2016-05
Authors
ADEMU, Lilian Ouja
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Abstract
A study was carried to produce biosurfactants from Shea butter and palm oil waste slurries using single and consortium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus and determine the effect of optimizing using pH values, Nitrogen (Sodium nitrate) concentrations and Lipase (NESS Formula 5®) concentrations on the production of biosurfactants. Growth of the organisms was done at room temperature using a Mineral salt medium enriched with the Shea butter and palm oil waste slurries for 120hours on a rotatory shaker. To check for biosurfactant production, Absorbance (mean values), Surface Tension (ST) and Emulsification index (E24) tests were used. Optimum values for pH from single organisms were 0.94 Absorbance, E24 of 67% and 22% reduction in surface tension in Shea butter slurry. For Palm oil slurry, 0.75 Absorbance, E24 of 45%, and up to 42% reduction in surface tension were observed. The consortium of the bacteria in both Shea butter and Palm oil slurries gave values of up to 1.09 Absorbance, E24 of 67% with no observed reduction in Surface tension in Shea butter slurry while 0.64 for Absorbance, E24 of 48% and up to 14.2 % reduction in ST was observed for Palm oil slurry. Nitrogen optimization with single organisms gave values of up to 1.16 Absorbance, E24 of 79% and up to 33% reduction in surface tension in Shea butter slurry. In Palm oil slurry, 1.52 Absorbance, E24 of 0% and up to 42.5% reduction in surface tension was recorded. The consortium of the organisms gave values of 1.32 Absorbance, E24 of 58% with 14.2% reduction in Surface tension in Shea butter slurry while 0.61 Absorbance, E24 of 55% and up to 30.4% reduction in ST was recorded for Palm oil slurry. Lipase optimization with NESS Formula 5® gave values of up to 0.73 for Absorbance, E24 of 65% , with up to 22.2% reduction in surface tension in Shea butter slurry and 0.89 Absorbance, E24 of 62% with up to 47.5% reduction in surface tension in palm oil slurry using single cultures of the organisms. 1.19 Absorbance,
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E24of 55% with up to 14.2% reduction in Surface tension in Shea butter slurry and 0.80 Absorbance, E24 of 65% with up to 14.4 % reduction in ST in Palm oil slurry, was recorded for the consortium of the organisms. There were significant differences between the varied environmental parameters (pH, Nitrogen and Lipase) It was concluded that best results for biosurfactant production was from Shea butter slurry while Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced more biosurfactant from both slurries compared to Bacillus cereus.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTERS OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE
Keywords
PRODUCING BIOSURFACTANTS,, RENEWABLE HYDROCARBONS,, (SHEA BUTTER,, PALM-OIL WASTE SLURRIES),, BACILLUS CEREUS,, PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA,