DISTRIBUTION OF METAL CONTAMINANTS IN AZARE GROUNDWATER SYSTEM.

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dc.contributor.authorKEHINDE, AKINOLA LUKMAN.
dc.date.accessioned2014-04-04T10:16:48Z
dc.date.available2014-04-04T10:16:48Z
dc.date.issued2006-12
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA DECEMBER, 2006en_US
dc.description.abstractThe distribution of metal contaminants in Azare groundwater system was investigated in this study. Concentrations of total and soluble forms of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd were determined in randomly selected twenty boreholes and twenty hand-dug wells within Azare town using flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Findings revealed that, the mean total concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd in borehole waters were 0.3233±0.2455mg/L, 0.5433±0.1762mg/L, 0.3178±0.1641mg/L, 0.2386± 0.1361mg/L, 0.3260 ± 0.3187mg/L, 0.1879± 0.1082mg/L, 0.1234 ± 0.1480mg/L, and 0.0049 ± 0.0037mg/L respectively while the mean total concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cd in well waters were 0.8790± 90.6823mg/L, 1.1923±1.1337mg/L, 0.9543±1.0186mg/L, 0.0953± 0.1083mg/L, 0.1890±0.0791mg/L, 0.1645±0.1238mg/L, 0.0965± 0.0491mg/L, and 0.0041±0.0034mg/L respectively. It was also discovered that in all the samples investigated, concentrations of Cu and Zn were found below the Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for these metals in drinking water (MCL for Cu = 1.3mg/L and MCL for Zn = 5.0mg/L) while the total concentration of Pb exceeded the MCL for this metal in drinking water (MCL for Pb = 0.015mg/L). Concentrations of total Mn exceeded the MCL for this metal (0.05mg/L) in all the borehole waters investigated but it only exceeded the MCL for this metal in 95% of the well waters investigated. The concentrations of total Cd was found to exceed the MCL for this metal (0.005mg/L) in 45% of the borehole waters and 35% of the well waters investigated in this study. Apart from K and Cu, no significant differences were found between the mean concentrations of total metal contaminants in boreholes and hand-dug wells investigated. Findings also revealed that on the average, K, Ca, Mg, Zn and Mn exist predominantly in the soluble phase while Cu, Pb and Cd exist predominantly in the particulate phase. The average proportions of the soluble forms of these metals in boreholes were 84.9% for K, 80.5% for Ca, 88.6% for Mg, 22.2% for Cu, 67.2% for Zn, 56.8% for Mn, 39.9% for Pb and 17.5% for Cd while the average proportions of the soluble forms of these metals in hand-dug wells were 93.1% for K, 87.6% for Ca, 91.8% for Mg, 25.5% for Cu, 69.3% for Zn, 76.5% for Mn, 44.5% for Pb and 42.5% for Cd. Implications of the findings were discussed and some useful suggestions given.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://kubanni.abu.edu.ng/handle/123456789/4589
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectDISTRIBUTION,en_US
dc.subjectMETAL CONTAMINANTS,en_US
dc.subjectGROUNDWATER,en_US
dc.subjectSYSTEM.en_US
dc.titleDISTRIBUTION OF METAL CONTAMINANTS IN AZARE GROUNDWATER SYSTEM.en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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