THE INFLUENCE OF URBAN-RURAL ORIENTATION, LENGTH OF RESIDENCE AND LEVEL OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ON SOCIAL INTERACTION IN THE URBAN-RURAL FRINGE IN UPSTATE NEW YORK

Abstract
The urban-rural fringe in the metropolitan areas of the United States seems to be experiencing the same cycle of growth as the suburbs did in the past: a progression from rural to mixed rural-urban to suburban land uses and an infusion of an urbanized life style. The crucial point, however, is not that the areas become "suburbs" but that they become integrated with the city. Since these communities undergo a change in their character while in the process of transformation from rural to "suburban," it is believed that changes also take place in the amount and nature of social interaction in these communities. Questions have been raised regarding whether or not social life would be disrupted in rapidly growing fringe communities. Would social interaction continue with friends and relatives in the place of origin or will new patterns rapidly develop? Such questions are of great importance for an understanding of the current trends in present fringe and for planning of future development. This study analyzed social interaction in the context of three different communities at various levels of fringe development. One of these areas was in an early stage of development, another one in an advanced stage and the third area was in the final stage of development toward suburbanization and integration into the metropolitan area. It is to be expected that the amount of social interaction in the fringe is influenced by one's community orientation (rural or urban) and length of residence in an area. It is known that rural- and urbanoriented people differ in the amount and type of social interaction they engage in, and that over a period of time not only do the fringe areas vi develop in terms of changes in social patterns but the level of interaction also changes for individual residents with increased time in the area. It was found that in general the length of residence had greater Influence on the amount of social interaction than community orientation. In the most developed of the three areas, even this distinction faded out. Generally, socioeconomic status and stage in the family life cycle had only small effect on the amount of interaction in these areas. However, in some specific aspects of social interaction, variations were found arising from differential community orientation and length of residence. Generally, in all areas studied, people in the "high" socioeconomic class showed greater institutional participation than those in the "middle" or "low" classes. In the more developed areas, the middle aged respondents showed greater institutional participation than the young and the aged. However, in the less developed area, participation levels were less clearly influenced by family life cycle stage. Most respondents, regardless of community orientation, socioeconomic class or stage in the family life cycle, expressed great satisfaction with fringe residence. The present day fringe area is far from being an "institutional desert." Those who have opted to live there become part of the community to a great extent. Long-time residents seemed to be more active in the social life of the area while newcomers were more active in its institutional life. Higher levels of development of a community have been • • • • vii shown to reduce the differences between rural- and urban-oriented residents in various specific aspects of social interaction and institutional participation.
Description
A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy September, 1969
Keywords
INFLUENCE,, URBAN-RURAL ORIENTATION,, LENGTH,, RESIDENCE,, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT,, SOCIAL INTERACTION,, FRINGE,, UPSTATE NEW YORK
Citation
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