STRATIGRAPHY AND STRUCTURE OF BASHAR AREA, NORTHEAST NIGERIA
STRATIGRAPHY AND STRUCTURE OF BASHAR AREA, NORTHEAST NIGERIA
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Date
2010-07
Authors
MORU, OYIZA OMOLOLA
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Abstract
The project concerns the stratigraphy and structure of the Bashar area situated in both Dengi and
Wase Local Government Areas of Plateau State. Early Cretaceous rifting was accompanied by
faulting which gave rise to the Garga extensional fault which controlled the deposition of the
Bima Group; this was followed by a thermo tectonic sag stage of basin development
accompanied by the deposition of the marine Yolde Formation. Synsedimentary tectonics which
continued into the Cenomanian affected the Yolde Formation giving rise to an unconformity
within the Yolde Formation. Santonian to Campanian compressioanl events are recognizable in
the Yolde and Pindiga Formations which were accompanied by the eruption of lava on the latter.
Late Campanian to Maastrichtian renewed rifting led to the deposition of the Gombe Formation
above the Pindiga Formation. Late Cretaceous to early Paloegene compressional events,
accompanied by faulting are recognizable in the Gombe Formation by the presence of the
thrust/reverse Garga fault and the “Gwangen” anticline and “Gir” syncline. This second episode
of compressional events affected the pre-Santonian beds, effect is most evident in the tightness
of the Yolde Formation.
The Bashar area compared to elsewhere in the Upper Benue Trough has a marked angular
unconformity between the Pindiga/Gombe contact and the Gombe Formation here is made up of
a two main facies namely: the lower pebbly sand which is indicative of a braided river deposit
(braided bar) and an upper “red sandstone” facies indicative of downstream migration of the
braided bar deposit. These sandstones around Bashar can be interpreted as a fining-upward
deltaic-like deposit prograding toward the north.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GEOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
Keywords
STRATIGRAPHY,, STRUCTURE,, BASHAR AREA,, NORTHEAST,, NIGERIA