SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF DIRECT DYES DERIVED FROM TEREPHTHALIC AND ISOPHTHALIC ACIDS ON COTTON FABRICS
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF DIRECT DYES DERIVED FROM TEREPHTHALIC AND ISOPHTHALIC ACIDS ON COTTON FABRICS
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Date
2013-01
Authors
EKO, JOYCE
ISHEGBE
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Abstract
The synthesis of direct dyes derived from terephthalic and isophthalic acid using J and Hacids
was undertaken with the view of replacing benzidine moiety in the production of direct
dyes. The amide derivatives of isophthalic and terephthalic acids were used as the coupling
components while aniline and its derivatives were used as the source of diazo components.
The amide derivatives were characterized by GC/MS and Infra-red analysis. The
spectroscopic properties of the dyes in various solvents were also examined and most of the
dyes showed bathochromic shifts when the solvent was changed to more polar solvents. The
dyes also showed positive and negative halochromism with the addition of few drops of
hydrochloric acid (HCl). The synthesized dyes were applied to cotton fabrics and their
performance properties evaluated. They have good exhaustion in the presence of electrolyte
and have good wash fastness properties upon application of after-treating agents of values of
3-4, 4 and 4-5. They also had good fastness properties to light of values between 4-7. Their
resistance to rubbing and perspiration had values between 3 and 4-5. The toxicity of the dyes
was also studied and they were found to be non-toxic.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL
FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (M.Sc.) DEGREE IN COLOUR CHEMISTRY AND
TECHNOLOGY
Keywords
SYNTHESIS, APPLICATION, DIRECT, DYES DERIVED, TEREPHTHALIC, ACIDS, COTTON, FABRICS