INCIDENCE OF PATHOGENIC CLOSTRIDIAL SPECIES IN SELECTED AREAS OF KADUNA AND NIGER STATES
INCIDENCE OF PATHOGENIC CLOSTRIDIAL SPECIES IN SELECTED AREAS OF KADUNA AND NIGER STATES
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Date
1982-02
Authors
IBRAHIM, KOLO
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Abstract
30 soil samples from the market places, play grounds and
motor parks were examined for the presence of clostridial
species. 50 wounds from a rural clinic and an out patient
department of an urban hospital were also examined for the same
purpose. An additional 20 wounds were examined from the wards
and sterilized surgical instruments. Thioglycolate was used as
transport medium in all cases as this stimulates clostridial spore
germination. Isolation of organisms were made by sub-culturing
into 5% human blood agar and 5% egg yolk medium. Plates were
incubated in vaccum jars at room temperature for 3 days, after
which the isolated colonies were subcultured into cooked meat,
medium.
Spore production by the various species was excellent in
cooked meat when incubated at 34°C for 3 days except for
C. perfringens. C. perfringens were made to sporulate after
heat-shock treatment at 80°C for 5 minutes and then incubated
overnight at 34°C.
Identification of the species was made by using their
cultural and biochemical properties, namely; spore shape and
position, their activity in cooked meat medium, production of
lecithinase and lipase in egg yolk agar, gelatinase production
and their ability to coagulate, or digest, acidify or produce gas
in crossley milk and ability to ferment glucose, lactose, maltose
and sucrose.
Species isolated from the soil samples include C. perfringens.
C.. septicum, C. novyi, C. histolyticum, C. sporogenes, C. tetani
and C. botulinum. Similar species were isolated from both the
rural and urban clinics except for C, botulinum. There were no
isolates of Clostridia from the sterilised surgical instruments.
The most prevalent of the species from both the soil samples
and clinical materials was C., perfringens. C. perfringens was found
to occur in 55 (61.1%) of the soil samples; this was closely
followed by C. histolyticum with 54 (60,0%) incidence of
occurence in soil. C. septicum, C. novyi and C. sporogenes had
23(27.8%), 15(16.7%) and 13 (14.4%) incidence of occurence in
soil. In the clinical materials, C. perfringens and
C. histolyticum had 4O (33.3%) and 9 (7.5%) incidence respectively
while that of C. septicum was 17 (l4.2%), C. novyi 14 (11.7%) and
C. sporogenes 19 (15.8%).
The most invassive of the clostridial species, C. botulinum
and C. tetani had 23 (25.6%) and 12 (13.3%) incidence of
occurence in soil samples. In the clinical materials, the
incidenoe of C. botulinum and C. tetani were nil and 1 (0.8%)
respectively.
Description
THESIS
SUBMITTED TO
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
FEBRUARY, 1982
Keywords
INCIDENCE,, PATHOGENIC ,, CLOSTRIDIAL,, SPECIES,, SELECTED,, AREAS,, KADUNA,, NIGER STATES.