STUDIES ON GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE AND SIALIC ACIDS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY AND HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS
STUDIES ON GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE AND SIALIC ACIDS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY AND HIV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS
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Date
2014-12
Authors
ABDULLAHI, Hadiza
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Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Glucose-6-Phosphte
Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency in HIV infected individuals and determine its possible
role in causing haemolytic anaemia in HIV infected individuals receiving treatment (on
ARTs and prophylactics) and also determine Sialic Acid profile and Sialidase Activity in
HIV infected and Apparently Healthy individuals, and also determine the relationship
between the sialic acid levels and sialidase activity. Blood samples were collected from 200
subjects (150 HIV infected individuals and 50 apparently healthy individuals divided into
four groups- HIV ART Naïve, HIV Stable, HIV-OI and Apparently Healthy). Complete
Blood Count, Glucose-6-Phospahte Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) activity, Erythrocyte Surface
Sialic Acid (ESSA), Free Serum Sialic Acid (FSSA) concentrations and Sialidase activity
were determined for all 200 subjects. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare
the results of the different groups of HIV infected individuals as well as controls. The mean
haemoglobin (HGB), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Red Blood Cells (RBC)
concentrations were significantly lower (P≤0.05) in the HIV groups compared with the
apparently healthy groups. Anaemia and neutropaenia were the most common
heamatological abnormalities observed in this study with highest prevalence of anaemia
found in the ART naive group. A G-6-PD deficiency prevalence of 22.5 % was found
among the study population with no significant difference between the groups, also,
haemolytic anaemia was absent in all the G-6-PD deficient individuals. The mean FSSA
was 0.4±0.4mg/ml. There was significant difference (p≤0.05) between some groups. The
highest levels of FSSA was observed in the HIV ART naïve (0.65±0.5mg/ml). The mean
ESSA value for the study population was 0.54±0.35mg/ml with no significant difference
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(p≤0.05) between groups. The mean sialidase activity values were 0.52±0.1 μmol/min/μl,
0.40±0.1 μmol/min/μl, 0.45±0.1 μmol/min/μl and 0.41±0.1 μmol/min/μl for the HIV ART
naïve, HIV stable, HIV/OIs and apparently healthy groups respectively. No significant
difference (p≤0.05) was found between groups and also in gender and age. The finding in
this study of higher mean sialidase activity and FSSA levels in the ART naïve HIV group
compared with other groups indicate that the virus and other opportunistic pathogens may
be sialidase producers in vivo which cleave off sialic acids from erythrocytes surface,
leading to high levels of FSSA, anaemia and neutropaenia seen in this group. The higher
ESSA concentration found in the HIV stable group along with lowest FSSA concentration
in the group suggests the presence of sialyltransferases.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE
STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BIOCHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
DECEMBER, 2014
Keywords
GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE,, DEHYDROGENASE,, SIALIC ACIDS,, APPARENTLY HEALTHY,, HIV,, INDIVIDUALS.