Fluoride Content of Soil and Vegetables from Irrigation Farms on the Bank of River Galma, Zaria, Nigeria

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dc.contributor.authorOkibe, F.G
dc.contributor.authorEkanem, E.J
dc.contributor.authorPaul, E.D
dc.contributor.authorShallangwa, G.A
dc.contributor.authorEkwumemgbo, P.A
dc.contributor.authorM. S. Sallau,
dc.contributor.authorAbanka, O.C.
dc.date.accessioned2016-05-16T10:51:11Z
dc.date.available2016-05-16T10:51:11Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractFluoride content of the soils and some vegetables from three farms near the bank of river Galma, Zaria, Nigeria were estimated by Alizarin red spectrometric method. The mean soil leachable fluoride for all the soils was in the 0.075 - 0.200 mg Kg-1 range. At 95 % confidence limit (p=0.05), the mean concentration of soil leachable fluoride for soils from the farms A, B, and C investigated were 0.139 sfc 0.030, 0.115 ± 0.041, and 0.080 ± 0.005 mg Kg'1 respectively. The mean fluoride content in vegetable at the same confidence limit was Cabbage: 0.054 M 0.0093 mg Kg"1, Carrot: 0.035 ± O.Olrng Kg'1, and Lettuce: 0.096 ± 0.0199 mg Kg"1. The t^ evaluated to compare the averages of fluoride levels in the vegetables using t-test at 95% confidence level (p = 0.05) for 18 degrees of freedom, 2.10 critical value, were 1.62, 5.77, and 1.84 for lettuce and cabbage, carrot and cabbage, and carrot and lettuce respectively. Significant difference only exists in the fluoride levels of carrot and cabbage with texp> the critical value. All the values obtained were well below the toxic limit of 2.57-16.44 mg Kg'1 in soil and maximum contaminant level of 4.0 mg Kg'1 in food and vegetable stipulated by EPA, FAO, and WHO Joint Standard limit for fluoride. The implication of the results is that the use of the Galma river water for irrigation, and the contribution of fluoride to the soil and vegetables from anthropogenic sources within and around the Galma river area, has no deleterious effect on the soil and some vegetables cultivated in farms at the river bank.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7879
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectFluoride,en_US
dc.subjectIrrigation farm,en_US
dc.subjectsoil,en_US
dc.subjectvegetable,en_US
dc.subjectRiver Galma.en_US
dc.titleFluoride Content of Soil and Vegetables from Irrigation Farms on the Bank of River Galma, Zaria, Nigeriaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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