EVALUATION OF HONEY FROM SOME STATES IN NIGERIA BY THE DETERMINATION OF POLLEN SPECTRA, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS, ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CONSUMERS’ ACCEPTANCE
EVALUATION OF HONEY FROM SOME STATES IN NIGERIA BY THE DETERMINATION OF POLLEN SPECTRA, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS, ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND CONSUMERS’ ACCEPTANCE
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Date
2014-06
Authors
IBEGBULEM, Judith Adesola
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Abstract
Fresh honey samples from six States of three ecological zones in Nigerian were analyzed for their pollen spectra, physico-chemical parameters, anti-bacterial activity through the zone of inhibition (ZOI), Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and consumers‟ acceptance. The honey sample from Jigawa State recorded 18 pollen types (1,339 pollen grains), Bauchi State 20 pollen types (50,110), while Adamawa State recorded 31 pollen types (35,915). Dominant pollen types from the Sudan savanna were Parkia biglobosa (61%), Mangifera indica (80%), and Combretum sp. (90%) for Jigawa, Bauchi, and Adamawa States honey samples respectively. The sample from Plateau State recorded 22 pollen types (82,762) while Kaduna recorded 31 pollen types (27,415). Dominant pollen types from the guinea zone were Myrtaceae (95%) and Pavetta species (77%) for Plateau and Kaduna State honey samples respectively. Ondo State had 21 pollen types with a total of 23, 886 pollen grains while Oyo State had 20 pollen types and 409 pollen grains. Oyo State honey seemed to be very low in pollen grain. There was a significant difference in the moisture and ash content of honey samples from the different States (p<0.05) though all samples were within the standard limit. The pure honey and concentrations of honey in sterile distilled water were tested for anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the susceptibility of the organisms against different honey concentrations for all states at p< 0.05. Honey sample from Adamawa State showed a minimum bactericidal concentration of 12.5% for E. coli, B. cereus and S. aureus. There was a strong relationship between the quantity of honey purchased and consumers‟ income level (r=0.9).
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IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D) IN BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA JUNE, 2014
Keywords
EVALUATION,, HONEY,, STATES,, NIGERIA, DETERMINATION,, POLLEN SPECTRA,, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL,, PARAMETERS,, ANTI-BACTERIAL, ACTIVITY, CONSUMERS’, ACCEPTANCE