INVITRO STUDY OF THE REMOVAL OF COPPER, LEAD AND ZINC FROM THE HUMAN BLOOD PLASMA USING ALLIUM CEPA
INVITRO STUDY OF THE REMOVAL OF COPPER, LEAD AND ZINC FROM THE HUMAN BLOOD PLASMA USING ALLIUM CEPA
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2016-12
Authors
VICTOR, JIBUNOR UDOKA
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Dehydrated Allium cepa (Onion) biomass was used to adsorb Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ from the human blood plasma in vitro. The samples were found to be free of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ after screening using AAS. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis were carried out on the biosorbent before and after biosorption. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis revealed physical disintegration in the surface morphology of biosorbent after biosorption while Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed a general shift in peaks of C-H stretch of alkane and alkyl groups, N-H symmetric amides, N-H bend amides, S=O sulfonyl, C-O stretch alcohols, O-H alcohols, ethers, esters and carboxyl functional groups after biosorption which is evidence of biosorption of these metal ions on the Allium cepa biomass. The optimisation of operational factors including solution pH, biosorbent concentration, initial metal (Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+) ion concentration were investigated at physiological temperature. The optimum pH, initial metal ions concentration and biosorbent concentration for Cu2+ sorption was pH 6, 50 mgL-1 and 0.60 g respectively. The values obtained were used for the kinetic study and the highest percentage sorption of Cu2+ was 99.316 % at 70 min. The optimum of pH, initial metal ions concentration and biosorbent concentration for Pb2+ sorption was pH 4, 50 mgL-1 and 0.40 g respectively. The values obtained were used for the kinetic study and the highest percentage sorption of Pb2+ was 99.8914 % at 90 min. The optimum of pH, initial metal ions concentration and biosorbent concentration for Zn2+ sorption was pH 6, 50 mgL-1 and 0.80 g respectively. The values obtained were used for the kinetic study and the highest percentage sorption of Zn2+ was 97.8076 % at 80 min. The percentage removal of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ are in the order of Pb2+ (99.8914 %) > Cu2+ (99.316 %) > Zn2+ (97.8076 %). The experimental data obtained for Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ sorption were treated using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm. Temkin isotherm provided the best fit with correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.508, 0.901 and 0.620 respectively. Simple kinetic models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion model were employed to determine the biosorption mechanism. The kinetic study followed pseudo second order while the intra-particle diffusion model was observed not to be the only rate limiting step. This result suggests that chemical adsorption process was more dominant which involves the formation of chemical bonds between the metal ions (Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+) and cell wall and cell membrane of Allium cepa respectively. This study demonstrated that Allium cepa biomass could be used as biosorbent for the detoxification of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ from human blood plasma
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
INVITRO STUDY OF THE REMOVA,, COPPER,, LEAD,, ZINC,, HUMAN BLOOD PLASMA,, ALLIUM CEPA,