ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorABUBAKAR, KAUTHAR MIKA’IL
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-23T15:06:35Z
dc.date.available2026-02-23T15:06:35Z
dc.date.issued2022-05
dc.descriptionA DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES, AHAMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
dc.description.abstractHealthcare services are aimed at improving a healthy environment and wellbeing and preventing potential human health risks and environmental hazards. In the course of doing this wastes generated could really be harmful. Lack of proper management of these medical wastes exposes the health workers, patients, waste handlers and the general public to health risks. Thus, this study focused on the assessment of medical wastes management practices at Zaria Local Government Area of Kaduna State. A set of questionnaire was administered to all the waste handlers in the PHC amounting to a total of 44 copies. The common types of medical waste as collected include; food debris, sharps, dressing swaps, body fluids. Group A (Non- Risk Medical Waste) were found to be the most common across the PHCs. The group A consists of waste material such as packaging; food debris etc and they were prevalent as a result of activities of patients, visitors and also the health care workers. Furthermore, intravenous set needles and broken vials were classified as B2, Swabs, body fluids and bandages (C1), spilt medicine and disinfectant (B3), Packaging, food scraps and papers A1 all of these were found in inpatient wards. Similarly, medical waste material found in outpatient wards were categorize as waste paper, food debris (A1), Hand gloves and swabs. For outpatient wards (C1), hand gloves and swabs including needles and syringes (B2) all of which are non risk medical waste. That of labor ward is as follows; needles, scalpel and blades (B2) and can be classified as risk medical waste. In the laboratory sharps and needles (B2) are common waste found and are risk medical wastes. Then in pharmacy unit, most commonly found medical waste are packing, papers and empty containers (A1) which can be classified as non risk medical wastes. Waste generated in all the PHCs was categorized according to the UNEP/WHO classification. The results show that among the PHCs, Gyallesu PHC had the highest recorded waste generation of 399.8kg/week. With regards to the difference in amount of wastes among the PHCs, statistical test of ANOVA indicated the difference in amount of waste among the PHCs at p ≤ 0.05 significant levels. Therefore, the amount of waste generated among the PHCs is statistically significant. Similarly, on waste collection, the finding also revealed that Anguwan Fatika, Anguwan Alkali and Babban Dodo had the highest (100%) who confirmed that they have available storage equipment. With regards to color coding of waste collection, the study showed that Kake, T/wada, Panmadina, Durumin mai Garke, Babban Dodo and Tukur-Tukur (10.5%) had the highest respondents confirming the availability of colour coding in their PHCs respectively. In addition to the findings of this study, majority (68%) of the respondents confirmed segregating sharp or infectious waste in the PHCs is being practiced in their PHCs. On the issue of waste disposal, the study revealed that, Dambo and Tukur-Tukur had the highest number of respondents (9.0%) that confirmed dumping of waste outside their PHCs. Again, the highest number (59%) of the PHCs practice incineration method of waste disposal while respondents (13.7%) confirmed that burying of medical waste is being practiced in the PHC. Tukur-Tukur had the highest number (80%) that carry out chemical disinfection of waste as a practice. In the same vein, respondents at Kake, Dambo, Anguwan Fatika, and Durumin mai Garke confirmed that transportation of medical waste is commonly done by wheel barrow. All the PHCs were facing challenges of medical waste management and the highest challenges faced in the following PHCs; Panmadina, Anguwan Liman and Tukur-Tukur were the problem of no equipment for collection and disposal of wastes which accounted for (33.3%) respectively. It was recommended that management of the PHCs should endeavor to provide adequate medical waste facilities as well as training of waste handlers in order to achieve optimum results. It is advisable to bury infectious waste. This however, means that PHCs that exposed their waste are posing threat to the environment and the public so the PHCs should desist from doing that.
dc.identifier.urihttps://kubanni.abu.edu.ng/123456789/13199
dc.language.isoen
dc.titleANALYSIS OF MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN ZARIA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
dc.typeThesis
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