EFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI AND TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI BRUCEIINFECTIONS ON HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SOME REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF YANKASA RAMS

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dc.contributor.authorWADA, YUNUSA,
dc.contributor.authorADAMU
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-15T08:12:03Z
dc.date.available2015-10-15T08:12:03Z
dc.date.issued2015-05
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ZOOLOGY.en_US
dc.description.abstractThe effects of experimental T. evansi and T. bruceibruceiinfections on haematology and some reproductive parameters of Yankasa rams were investigated. Sixteen Yankasa rams aged, 24 to 30 months and weighing 22-25kg were acclimatized for a period of two months in a clean fly proof house, adequately fed and given water ad libitum. Of the sixteen rams, twelve that were clinically fit for the experiments at the end of the eight weeks acclimatization period were randomly divided into four groups (I, II, III and IV), of three rams each. Groups I and II were each challenged singly with experimental T. bruceibrucei(Federe strain) andT. evansi (Sokoto strain), respectively, while group III was challenged with mixed T. bruceibruceiand T. evansiparasites (50% of each species in the infective inoculum) and group IV was left as uninfected control. Each infected ram received 2ml containing 2x106 trypomastigotes via the jugular vein. Parasitaemia in groups I and III appeared 5-9days and 6-11 days post infection, respectively, while it appeared 19-21 days post infection (P.I) in group II. There was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the mean parasitaemia levels of groups I and III in comparison to that of group II at the end of the experiment. The pre-infection mean weekly packed cell volume (PCV)of the rams in the experimental groups I, II, III and IV were 33.0 ± 1.2%, 31.0 ± 1.6%, 31.67 ± 1.1% and 32.67 ± 1.5%, respectively.The mean PCV by the end of the experiment in groups I, II, III and IV were18.70 ± 1.4%, 24.75 ± 1.6%, 17.48 ± 1.8%, and 35.01 ± 1.5%respectively. There was a significant difference (P < 0.01) in the mean PCV and haemoglobinconcentrations among the groups at the end of the experiment. The clinical signs observed in the infected groups included intermittent pyrexia, pale ocular mucous membranes indicative of anaemia, dullness, lethargy, roughy hair coat, scrotal oedema, scrotal degeneration, loss of libido, increase in semen collection reaction time, emaciation, and death. There was a drastic and progressive deterioration in semen quality in all infected rams manifested by a decrease in volume or cessation of semen production, a sharp decrease in progressively motile sperm, elevated numbers of dead sperm and significant morphological abnormalities of sperm in most animals. The rams especially in groups I and III were all deemed unfit for breeding by the end of the 98 days post infection. Uninfected rams were healthy and had good semen characteristics throughout viii the experimental period. There was significant difference (P < 0.01) in the gonadal and epipidymal sperm reserves of groups I and III in comparison to group II, and between infected and control rams.The gross lesions observed in the infected rams in group II were moderate and very severe in groups I and III. These lesions included pale carcasses indicative of anaemia, watery blood, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly.No observable gross lesion was found in the organs from rams of the control groupIV. The microscopic lesions observed in the testes of the infected rams were characterized by degeneration of the seminiferous tubules, mononuclear infiltration of interstitial tissues, infiltrations by lymphocytes with minor cellular damages.The results indicate that trypanosomosis due to experimentalT.b. brucei,T.evansi and mixed infections (of both parasites), may cause marked defects in the haematological parameters, severe degenerative changes in the reproductive organs resulting in the rapid deterioration of semen characteristics and associated infertilityproblems. Therefore, pathogenic trypanosomes may be important cause of various grades of infertility problems in Yankasa rams in tsetse and pathogenic trypanosomes-endemic areas of Nigeria.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6973
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectEFFECTS,en_US
dc.subjectEXPERIMENTAL,en_US
dc.subjectTRYPANOSOMA EVANSI,en_US
dc.subjectTRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI,en_US
dc.subjectBRUCEIINFECTIONS,en_US
dc.subjectHAEMATOLOGICAL,en_US
dc.subjectREPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS,en_US
dc.subjectYANKASA RAMS.en_US
dc.titleEFFECTS OF EXPERIMENTAL TRYPANOSOMA EVANSI AND TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI BRUCEIINFECTIONS ON HAEMATOLOGICAL AND SOME REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF YANKASA RAMSen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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