ASSESSMENT OF RADIATION RISK TO PATIENT AND STAFF DURING HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY (HSG) USING CONVENTIONAL X-RAY IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorJOSEPH, DIMAS SKAM
dc.date.accessioned2018-08-29T15:53:41Z
dc.date.available2018-08-29T15:53:41Z
dc.date.issued2017-05
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN RADIATION BIOPHYSICS DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractScientific evidence has revealed radiation as one of the causes of cancer and the use of radiation in medicine is on a continuous increase; studies have revealed that the medical use of x-ray is the major contributor of man-made source of radiation to the world‟s population. The drive for this study was the increase in the number of patients available for hysterosalpingography, HSG investigation. The aim of the study was to determine the radiation risks to the patients and staff during HSG procedure. A cross sectional study was conducted on 38 female patients in two diagnostic facilities in Katsina state of Nigeria.” It is important to know that the staff performing the procedure stays in the radiographic room together with the patient while the x-ray exposures take place, this should not be confused with the operator of the x-ray machine”. Quality control tests were conducted on the x-ray machines involved in the study as preliminary tests to ascertain the credibility of the generated data. The entrance surface doses ESDs to the patients‟ pelvis and anterior neck surface of the staff were measured by placing TLDs on the patients‟ pelvic surface and the shirt collar of the staff respectively. The mean measured patient ESD and staff ESD were 10.88mGy and 0.12mGy. The patients‟ mean measured effective doses to the ovaries, uterus, bladder, rectum, pelvic bone surface and the pelvic skin surface were 0.87mSv, 1.31mSv, 0.44mSv, 1.31mSv, 0.11mSv and 0.11mSv. While, the staff mean measured effective doses to thyroid, eyes and facial skin were 4.8μSv, 14.4μSv and 1.2μSv. The total exposed films used were between 4 to 6 films, this implies that the patients‟ ESD per film is 1.8 to 2.8mGy which is below the IAEA diagnostic reference level of 10mGy for Antero-posterior (AP) projection pelvis. And the mean radiation dose received by the staff is below the recommended occupational dose of a radiation worker by international commission on radiological protection ICRP 103. Though the mean measured effective dose values obtained were low, it does not indicate zero health effect since in radiation protection there is no safe dose for now. It should be understood in principle that dose acquisition has cumulative effect. Therefore, there is need for further optimization of procedure by reducing the number of patient radiation exposures (x-ray films taken), proper choice of exposure factors, tighter x-ray beam collimation and regular QC checks.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10156
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectASSESSMENT,en_US
dc.subjectRADIATION RISK,en_US
dc.subjectPATIENT,en_US
dc.subjectSTAFF,en_US
dc.subjectHYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY,en_US
dc.subjectUSING CONVENTIONAL X-RAY,en_US
dc.subjectKATSINA STATE,en_US
dc.subjectNIGERIAen_US
dc.titleASSESSMENT OF RADIATION RISK TO PATIENT AND STAFF DURING HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY (HSG) USING CONVENTIONAL X-RAY IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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