ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS COMPOUNDS FROM THE LEAVES OF Clerodendrum capitatum (WILD), Heeria insignis (DEL) AND STEM BARK OF Psorospermum senegalense (SPACH)

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dc.contributor.authorMOMOH, HAJARA
dc.date.accessioned2016-07-26T09:33:43Z
dc.date.available2016-07-26T09:33:43Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D) IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractPhytochemical studies, antimicrobial and antituberculosis screenings of extracts from the leafs of Clerodendrum capitatum, Heeria insignis and stem bark of Psorospermum senegalense were carried out. The phytochemical studies of the three plants revealed the presence of carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, glycoside, saponins, streroids, triterpenes, vii flavanoids and tannins. The antimicrobial screening of the hexane , dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the three plants showed that they were active against most of the test microorganisms namely Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhi, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Vancomycin resistant enterococci, Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas flourescense, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterobacter specie, Streptococcus feacalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus rettgeris, Candida tropicalis, Candida pseudotropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida albicans and Candida stellatoid. However, the ethyl acetate extract showed the highest activity of all the extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the extracts were determined. Antituberculosis screening of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts against Mycobacteria bovis showed that dichloromethane extracts of C. capitatum and H. insignis were most active while only the ethyl acetate extract of P.senegalense was active. Heeria insignis was the most active of the three plants. Chromatographic separation of the dichloromethane extract of C. capitatum and H. insignis and ethyl acetate extract of P. senegalense yielded six chemical substances which were characterized using 1-D and 2-D NMR spectra to be 3-hydroxylanost-7-en-29-carboxylic acid (C1), Betulin (C2 & H1), 3-hydroxy-7-lanostene (H3), a yet to be identified compound (H4) and α-amyrin (P2). Antimicrobial studies of the isolated compounds revealed that they were active against most of the test microorganisms. S. dysenteriae was the most sensitive to all the isolated compounds with MIC of 62.5 μg/mL and MBC of 125 μg/mL. Antituberculosis evaluation of the compounds showed that they were all active against Mycobacteria bovis with H3 being the most active with MIC of 125 μg/mL. Findings from this work clearly shows that these plants have potentials that can be explored in the search for anti-TB drugs from nature.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/8186
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectISOLATION,en_US
dc.subjectCHARACTERISATION,en_US
dc.subjectANTITUBERCULOSIS COMPOUNDS,en_US
dc.subjectLEAVES,en_US
dc.subjectClerodendrum capitatum,en_US
dc.subject(WILD),en_US
dc.subjectHeeria insignis,en_US
dc.subject(DEL),en_US
dc.subjectSTEM BARK,en_US
dc.subjectPsorospermum senegalense,en_US
dc.subject(SPACH),en_US
dc.titleISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS COMPOUNDS FROM THE LEAVES OF Clerodendrum capitatum (WILD), Heeria insignis (DEL) AND STEM BARK OF Psorospermum senegalense (SPACH)en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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