INVESTIGATION WITH GAS FREE SINGLE CHANNEL DETECTOR TO α-β PARTICLES AND IDENTIFICATION OF ELEVATED AREAS AROUND MAKARFI L.G.A OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
INVESTIGATION WITH GAS FREE SINGLE CHANNEL DETECTOR TO α-β PARTICLES AND IDENTIFICATION OF ELEVATED AREAS AROUND MAKARFI L.G.A OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2015-02
Authors
GAZARA, Ahmad Bala
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Abstract
Thirty one water samples from boreholes and wells from Makarfi Local Government Area of Kaduna state Nigeria were collected in order to know the response of gas free single channel proportional detector also to know the elevated areas. The total dissolved solids (TDS) was determined for the water samples. An aliquot of each sample was evaporated to dryness, based on the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the sample, and the residue counted for gross alpha and beta activity using the proportional counter (MPC 2000 Desktop). The counter has low background of 92.69cpm for Alpha and 95.65cpm for Beta also has the efficiency of 59.12% and 44.09% for the respective alpha and beta calibration sources and good plateau, which were all reproducible. The result of the counting modes show that alpha activity concentration range from 2.70 x 10-4 ± 0.40 x 10-4 to 60.4 x 10-4 4.20 x 10-4 BqL-1 which has the average of 31.55 x 10-4 ± 2.3 x 10-4 BqL-1 and that of Beta activity concentration range from 3.87 x10-4 1.05 x 10-4 to 51.8 x 10-4 3.27 x 10-4 which has the average of 27.84 x10-4 2.15 x 10-4 BqL-1 also the average alpha activity concentration in the boreholes water sample is 12.86 x 10-4 BqL-1, in the wells water samples is 12.87 x 10-4 BqL-1. The average beta activity concentration in the boreholes water samples is 16.04 x 10-4B/L, that in the wells water sample 17.77 x 10-4 BqL-1.The distribution pattern shows the elevated areas for the alpha activity are T/Yari B and Mayere W, for the beta activity are Mayere W, Gimi W and D/Damisa. The overall result shows that both alpha activity and beta activity in the study area are far
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below the practical screening level of radioactivity in drinking water of 0.5 BqL-1 for alpha and 1 BqL-1 for beta, as recommended by CEC – FAO and WHO.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER DEGREE IN RADIATION BIOPHYSICS. DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA
Keywords
INVESTIGATION,, GAS FREE,, CHANNEL DETECTOR,, α-β PARTICLES,, IDENTIFICATION,, ELEVATED AREAS,, MAKARFI L.G.A,, KADUNA STATE,, NIGERIA