PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM IN-PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorUSMAN, Aisha
dc.date.accessioned2018-09-26T14:36:32Z
dc.date.available2018-09-26T14:36:32Z
dc.date.issued2017-10
dc.descriptionA DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIAen_US
dc.description.abstractStaphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen associated with various hospital-and community-acquired infections as such it is regarded as a public health problem. Vancomycin was an approved and highly recommended antibiotic worldwide for the treatment of infections caused by S. aureus especially methicillin resistant S. aureus. This study was carried out in order to phenotypically and genotypically characterize vancomycin resistant S. aureus isolated from patients on admission in some selected hospitals in Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna state Nigeria. A total of 300 skin swab samples were collected from patients on admission. The swab sticks were inoculated into brain-heart infusion broth, transported to the laboratory and then inoculated on to mannitol salt agar and blood agar. Isolates with the characteristic colonial morphology of the S. aureus were then characterized microscopically and identified biochemically. The susceptibility of S. aureus isolates to seven antibiotics was determined using Kirby-Bauer method. Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolates was determined by broth dilution method. The VRSA were confirmed by the detection of vanA gene in the isolates by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 52 (17.33%) S. aureus isolates were obtained from skin swabs of inpatients in selected hospitals in Kaduna metropolis based on microscopic and biochemical identification. Multiple antibiotic resistance index analysis showed that the MAR indices of the isolates were between 0.14 and 0.71. Most of the isolates had MARI values greater than 0.2 suggesting that the isolates were from high risk environment where antibiotics are frequently used. Among the 52 isolates, 2 were vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (MIC value 4-8μg/ml) another 2 were vancomycin resistant S. aureus (MIC values ≥ 16μg/ml) while the remaining 48 isolates were vancomycin susceptible S. aureus (MIC value ≤2μg/ml). PCR result for the detection of vanA gene showed that all the 2 VRSA had the vanA gene. It then means the resistance of the VRSA isolates was mediated by vanA gene. VRSA was characterized both phenotypically (by determination of vancomycin susceptibility) and genotypically (by detection of Van A gene) in this study. The occurrence of S. aureus and VRSA in this study was found to be 17.33% and 3.85% respectively.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10562
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectPHENOTYPIC,en_US
dc.subjectGENOTYPIC,en_US
dc.subjectCHARACTERIZATION,en_US
dc.subjectVANCOMYCIN RESISTANT,en_US
dc.subjectSTAPHYLOCOCCUS,en_US
dc.subjectAUREUS ISOLATED,en_US
dc.subjectIN-PATIENTS,en_US
dc.subjectHOSPITALSen_US
dc.subjectKADUNA,en_US
dc.subjectNIGERIAen_US
dc.titlePHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM IN-PATIENTS IN SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, KADUNA STATE NIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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