MACROBENTHIC INVERTEBRATES COMPOSITION IN RELATION TO SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAKWAYE AND KUBANNI RESERVOIRS IN ZARIA, NIGERIA

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dc.contributor.authorALHASSAN, Abdullahi I Bala
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-11T13:10:39Z
dc.date.available2016-06-11T13:10:39Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.descriptionA THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.description.abstractThe physico-chemical characteristics, macrobenthic invertebrate diversities and presence of some heavy metals in Makwaye and Kubanni reservoirs, Zaria, Nigeria, were investigated monthly between January to December, 2014. Physico-chemical properties were analyzed according to the standard procedures for examination of water and waste waters. Macrobenthic invertebrates were collected using an Ekman grab. Heavy metal concentrations in water samples and macrobenthic invertebrate samples were analysed using Air/Acetylene Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The results from Makwaye reservoir showed that temperature ranged between 20.13±0.29 – 29.90±0.92 ᴼC, pH (6.12±0.21-7.62±0.12), Electrical conductivity (58.00±1.10 - 87.33±1.45 μS/cm), Total dissolved solids (29.20±0.67 - 41.67±2.33 ppm), Dissolve oxygen (2.02±0.01-7.33±0.38 mg/L), Biological oxygen demand (0.62±0.35 - 2.96±0.03 mg/L), Alkalinity (22.3±0.12 – 38.9±0.16 mg/L), Nitrate (13.50±0.05 - 25.00±0.03 mg/L), Phosphate (0.59±0.01 - 4.40±0.01 mg/L) and Calcium (2.01±0.07 - 4.73±0.47 mg/L ) while results from Kubanni reservoir showed temperature ranged from 18.87±0.34–28.25±0.22ᴼC, pH (6.43±0.01 - 7.49±0.04), Electrical conductivity (60.51±0.01 – 108.00±0.58 μS/cm), Total dissolved solids (30.12±0.77 - 50.33±0.88 ppm), Dissolve oxygen (2.11±0.71 - 5.97±0.27 mg/L), Biological oxygen demand (0.37±0.22 - 2.97±0.01 mg/L), Alkalinity (22.40±0.03 – 43.3±0.15 mg/L), Nitrate (12.00±0.03 - 30.00±0.02 mg/L), Phosphate (0.59±0.01 - 3.00±0.03 mg/L) and Calcium (2.61±0.31 - 5.43±0.87 mg/L). As for the heavy metal concentrations in macrobenthic invertebrate, the results from Makwaye reservoir showed that Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni and Pb in dry season ranged from 3.30±0.45 - 22.52±3.22 mg/L, 1.31±0.03 - 5.96±0.15 mg/L, 0.25±0.01 – 6.23±1.44 mg/L, below detectable limit (BDL), 0.30±0.01 – 3.61±0.29 mg/L and BDL respectively while for wet season, the concentrations ranged from 6.91±0.84 - 29.07±2.56 mg/L, 0.23±0.04 - 3.21±0.09 mg/L, 0.14±0.01 – 0.82±0.09 mg/L, below detectable limit (BDL), 0.13±0.07 – 0.67±0.06 mg/L and BDL. Results from Kubanni reservoir showed that Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Mg and Ni in dry season ranged from 11.33±3.39 – 46.21±5.26 mg/L, 1.19±0.23 – 4.70±0.22 mg/L, 1.67±0.01 – 3.43±0.54 mg/L, 0.09±0.01 - 0.27±0.04 mg/L, 1.11±0.01 – 2.63±0.76 mg/L and BDL respectively while for wet season, the concentrations ranged from 7.36±1.77 – 38.62±2.76 mg/L, 1.13±0.01 – 2.73±0.66 mg/L, 1.62±0.01 – 2.92±0.55 mg/L, 0.11±0.04 - 0.30±0.11 mg/L, 1.11±0.01 – 2.76±0.03 mg/L and BDL respectively. A total of 11,723 macrobenthic invertebrates comprising three phyla, five classes, thirteen families and thirteen species were recorded in Makwaye reservoir dominated by the Phyla Mollusca (52%), Arthropoda (25%) and Annelida (23%) while in Kubanni reservoir, a total of 1868 macrobenthic invertebrates comprising three phyla, five classes, thirteen families and thirteen species were recorded. Benthic community in Kubanni reservoir was also dominated by the Phyla Mollusca (51%), Arthropoda (27%) and Annelida (22%). Shanon-Weiner diversity index of Makwaye reservoir also ranged from 2.04 - 2.42 and 1.70 - 1.97 in Kubanni reservoir. Significant ix variations (P≤0.05) were observed in physicochemical parameters, heavy metal concentrations, macrobenthic invertebrate abundance with seasons, with the macrobenthic invertebrate being less abundant in the rains and were more abundant in the dry season and also more abundant in Makwaye reservoir than Kubanni reservoir. Significant influence (P≤0.05) of physicochemical properties of Makwaye and Kubanni reservoirs on macrobenthic invertebrate composition was observed with BOD, DO, pH and Ca at (P≤0.05) significantly influencing the presence of macrobenthic invertebrate in Makwaye and Kubanni reservoirs. Makwaye and Kubanni reservoirs have similar macrobenthic invertebrate species. However, species diversity is higher in Makwaye reservoir with Chironomus sp having the highest percentage composition in both reservoirs. Various management strategies such as periodic, repetitive limnological measurements should be carried out on the reservoirs to monitor and track the trend of changes of its water quality and quantity, productivity, periodicity and biodiversityen_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/7978
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectMACROBENTHIC INVERTEBRATES COMPOSITION,en_US
dc.subjectRELATION,en_US
dc.subjectSOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS,en_US
dc.subjectMAKWAYE,en_US
dc.subjectKUBANNI RESERVOIRS,en_US
dc.subjectZARIA,en_US
dc.subjectNIGERIAen_US
dc.titleMACROBENTHIC INVERTEBRATES COMPOSITION IN RELATION TO SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MAKWAYE AND KUBANNI RESERVOIRS IN ZARIA, NIGERIAen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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