REGIONAL AND LOCAL CONTROL ON LIMESTONE FACIES IN THE CRETACEOUS PINDIGA FORMATION (KANAWA MEMBER), NE NIGERIA.
REGIONAL AND LOCAL CONTROL ON LIMESTONE FACIES IN THE CRETACEOUS PINDIGA FORMATION (KANAWA MEMBER), NE NIGERIA.
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Date
2008-05
Authors
SALEH, YAMTA GRACE
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Abstract
The Kanawa Member of the Pindiga Formation at Ashaka Quarry, Pindiga
stream and Deba Habe stream (Northeast Nigeria) was studied using Shaw’s
graphic correlation method. coupled with sequence stratigraphic data. For the
former method, the first and the last appearances of ammonites species
common to the two sections were utilized. For the latter parasequence
boundaries were used. The ammonites occur only in the limestones; they do not
occur in the shales possibly due to anoxic bottom conditions at that time. The
line of correlation suggested that some of the limestones at Ashaka and Pindiga
are continuous and contemporaneous, namely units D, F and R at Ashaka and
units A, H, and R at Pindiga respectively. The crossed- bedded limestone units
G-J at Ashaka correlate with shales in the Pindiga section and are local
developments. Sequence stratigraphic data can, in some cases, is shown to
produce correlation that matches that based on biostratigraphic data. In
particular, the ammonite Pseudaspidoceras paganum is uniquely found upon a
marine flooding surface. The closely – related genus Burroceras sp is also
confined to marly, relatively deep-water limestones.
Eustatic sea-level fluctuation is the most likely central over the development of
regionally continuous limestones though climatic factors could also be important.
Local tectonics affected the Ashaka area, these factors often being more
important than the regional controls.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF
GEOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO
UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF
SCIENCE DEGREE IN GEOLOGY (PALEONTOLOGY AND
STRATIGRAPHY)
MAY, 2008
Keywords
REGIONAL,, LOCAL,, CONTROL,, LIMESTONE,, FACIES,, CRETACEOUS,, PINDIGA,, FORMATION,, (KANAWA MEMBER),, NE NIGERIA.