SERODIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMOSIS AMONG HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PATIENTS IN ANKPA GENERAL HOSPITAL, KOGI STATE
SERODIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMOSIS AMONG HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PATIENTS IN ANKPA GENERAL HOSPITAL, KOGI STATE
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Date
2012-10
Authors
WADA, Yusuf
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Abstract
Human African Trypanosomosis is a serious disease of man and animal. The present study was
aimed at investigating the occurrence of Human African Trypanosomosis among Human
Immunodeficiency Virus patients in Ankpa General Hospital, Kogi State. Trypanosoma brucei
gambiense infection decreases the specificities of antibody detection test for HIV diagnosis.
Human African Trypanosomosis symptoms are nonspecific, variable and inconsistent, and alone
are insufficient for diagnosis. Moreover, HAT symptoms can be confused with those of malaria,
enteric fever, tubercular meningitis and HIV. Ethical clearance was obtained from the State
Ministry of Health. Blood samples were collected from HIV patients at the Ankpa General
Hospital after their consent was sought. Subjects to be sampled were selected using convenience
sampling with the sex, age and occupation of the HIV patients recorded. Four hundred and sixty
five blood samples were collected from HIV patients. They were screened serologically using
Card agglutination test for T.b gambiense (CATT) and parasitologically using the wet mount and
haematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT). The overall sero-prevalence of HAT in Ankpa
General Hospital among HIV patients was 3.01% (14/465). Sero-prevalence among the females
and males was 3.60% (12/333) and 1.52% (2/132) respectively. There was no significant
association (p>0.05) between the infection and sex. There was a sero-prevalence of 3.63%
(12/330) and 2.04% (2/98) among the age groups of 18-45 years and above 45 years respectively
which were not statistically significant (p>0.05). There was no significant association (p>0.05)
between the infection and occupation, farmers had the highest sero-prevalence of 5.00%
(10/200). No parasites were however detected in the blood samples. The questionnaire survey
showed that 79.35% (369/465) of the respondents were aware of HAT and 20.64% (96/465)
were not. There was a significant association (p<0.05) between education, age, occupation and
awareness to HAT. There was no significant association between sex and awareness to HAT
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(p>0.05). This study has established a serological evidence of HAT among HIV patients in
Ankpa General Hospital, Kogi State. It is recommended that tsetse fly control measure should be
put in place. It is also recommended that specific validation on three HIV test should be carried
out to increase specificity. It is also recommended that public campaign on HAT should be
carried out to increase both the awareness and knowledge of the populace to HAT in order to
alert the people on the impact of the disease and how best to avoid it.
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TABLE OF
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST GRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
SERODIAGNOSIS, HUMAN, AFRICAN, TRYPANOSOMOSIS, AMONG, HUMAN, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, VIRUS, PATIENTS, ANKPA, GENERAL, HOSPITAL, KOGI, STATE