SEROLOGICAL AND PCR DETECTION OF CYTOMEGALO VIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING SOME HOSPITALS IN LOKOJA KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
SEROLOGICAL AND PCR DETECTION OF CYTOMEGALO VIRUS INFECTION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING SOME HOSPITALS IN LOKOJA KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2022-11
Authors
BALA, Hannatu Eleojo Mary
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Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common virusesthat causes congenital defects in babies from infected mothers. Most cases of congenital defects are asymptomatic at birth but can lead to sensoneural hearing loss (SNHL) and neurodevelopmental delay which can appear later in childhood. This study was conducted to determine the cytomegalovirus infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Kogi State Specialist Hospital (KSSH) and Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Lokoja, Kogi state, Nigeria. A total of 184 serum samples were collected and analyzed using CMV IgM ELISA kit Diagnostic Automation, INC (USA).The study revealed that 40 out of the 184 samples turned out positive for CMV IgM antibodies giving a prevalence of 21.7% while the negative sample result had a prevalence of 78.3%.From the forty (40) positive samples, seven (7) samples were subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction but it turned out negative. Although PCR is a very sensitive and reliable method for detecting the organism (CMV) it was discovered that peripheral blood leukocytes is a better medium of choice to use as against plasma which was used for the research. Based on the research, there was no significant association between socio-demographic factors such as marital status, type of marriage, occupation and scarification and the infection. This could be due to the limited number in sample size. Other socio economic factors such as education had a significant p value of 0.035 with the infection. In addition, the pregnant women who had deformed babies, do not practice hand wash and were not transfused had a significant difference with the infection (p= 0.046, 0.027 and 0.003 respectively).It is advised that screening and sensitization of CMV for pregnant women when they come for ante-natal classes be done in order to reduce the risk of congenital birth defects among infants.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE