THE HAEMOGLOBIN REGENERATION POTENTIAL OF FERMENTED AND UNFERMENTED TELFAIRA OCCIDENTALISHOOK AND GNETUM AFRICANUM WELW LEAVES IN IRON DEFICIENT ALBINO RATS
THE HAEMOGLOBIN REGENERATION POTENTIAL OF FERMENTED AND UNFERMENTED TELFAIRA OCCIDENTALISHOOK AND GNETUM AFRICANUM WELW LEAVES IN IRON DEFICIENT ALBINO RATS
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Date
2015-08
Authors
OKOLO, Ijeoma
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Abstract
Haemoglobin regeneration potential of Telfairaoccidentalisand Gnetumafricanumleaves and their fermented derivatives was investigated in young albino rats of both sex in which nutritional anaemia was induced by feeding iron deficient diet and deionized water. Vitamin C content of G. africanumwas significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of T. occidentalis but it decreased significantly from 28±0.02 to 14±0.01mg/100g in T. occidentalis whileG. africanum had no significant (p>0.05) change after fermentation. The antinutrientcontent of phytate and oxalate was significantly (p<0.05) higher in G. africanum and fermentation significantly (p<0.05) decreased these antinutrients in both vegetables. The Fe, Zn, Ca, Cu and Mg content was significantly higher in T. occidentalis than G. africanum and fermentation significantly (p<0.05) increased the level of Zn, Ca, and Cu of both vegetable leaves while iron (Fe) significantly (p<0.05) increased and Mg significantly (P<0.05) decreased in T. occidentalis, Fe significantly (p<0.05) decreased with Mg showing no significant (p>0.05) difference in G. africanum. Speciation pattern analysis shows that most Fe in both vegetables were in the residual form and the in-vitro bioavailable Fe in both leaves were 57%, 65%, 43% and 31% for unfermented and fermented T. occidentalisand G. africanumleaves respectively. Supplementation study (3 weeks) shows that iron deficiency significantly (p<0.05) decreased relative weight gain, haemoglobin-Fe, ferritin, haemoglobin (Hb), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), when compared to the Fe sufficient control rats. Rats fed with unfermented and fermented T. occidentalis significantly (p<0.05) increased serum ferritin but there was a non- significant (p>0.05) increase in the ferritin stores of rats fed with unfermented and fermented G. africanun leaves. The Hb, red blood cell, packed cell volume, white blood cell, mean corpuscular volume and MCHC levels in the iron deficient group were not significantly (p>0.05) different from the
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF A MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA