ANTIBIOGRAM OF DIARRHOEAGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF DIARRHOEIC PATIENTS UNDER FIVE YEARS ATTENDING SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
ANTIBIOGRAM OF DIARRHOEAGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF DIARRHOEIC PATIENTS UNDER FIVE YEARS ATTENDING SELECTED HOSPITALS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
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Date
2015-11
Authors
OJUNTA, Chioma Rebecca
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Abstract
Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and development of children under five years, physically, mentally and healthwise with consequences such as diarrhoea, stunting, wasting, underweight and often times leading to death, depending on their severity. This study evaluated the antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157 and VerocytotoxigenicEscherichia coli(VTEC)and the nutritional status of diarrhoeic children under five years in Kaduna State, Nigeria, using Conventional isolation methods, latex agglutination tests, VTEC-ELISA tests, Chi-square (SPSS Version 19) and WHO Antro (Version 3.2.2). Purposive sampling was used to select 350 children presenting with diarrhoea in six government hospitals within the three senatorial zones of Kaduna State. The results obtained revealed that 76(21.7%) of the 350 stool samples were positive for E. coli, 28(36.8%) of which were positive for E. coli O157:H7serotype and 1(1.3%) verocytotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) serotype.High susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and high resistance to sulphamethoxazole, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, gentamicin and tetracycline by the isolates were observed. The nutritional status assessment showed 34.3, 24.3 and 13.1% of the children were stunted, wasted and underweight, respectivelyand Kaduna South senatorial zone also recorded the highest prevalence of undernutrition, indicating poor nutrition and poor health accumulated overtime. The study concluded that antibiotics have not been very effective in the treatment of E. coli-related diarrhoea, with VTEC now emerging in this part of the world, making it a serious public health issue and its severity enhanced by malnutrition, confirming that the relationship between diarrhoea and malnutrition is bidirectional, resulting in severe limitations in the growth and development of the children, some of
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which may be irreversible. The study therefore recommends the implementation of programmes geared towards good hygiene, good nutrition and good health.
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A DISSERTATIONSUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POST-GRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA.
NOVEMBER,
Keywords
ANTIBIOGRAM OF DIARRHOEAGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, DIARRHOEIC PATIENTS, HOSPITALS IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA