SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPHIC VIRUS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH WILMS TUMOUR ANTIGEN AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING POST-NATAL CLINICS IN ZARIA NIGERIA.
SEROPREVALENCE OF HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPHIC VIRUS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH WILMS TUMOUR ANTIGEN AMONG WOMEN ATTENDING POST-NATAL CLINICS IN ZARIA NIGERIA.
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Date
2018-07
Authors
HANANIYA, Hyelakidati Samuel
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Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) is reported to be associated with Adult T-cell leukaemia (ATL) and a spectrum of inflammatory diseases which mainly include HTLV-associated Myelopathy/ Tropical Spastic Paraparesis, (HAM/STP). Adult T-cell leukaemia like every other cancer present with variety of tumour markers such as overproliferation of Wilms tumour antigen. This study was aimed at determining the seroprevalence of HTLV and its association with Wilms tumour antigen among women attending post-natal clinics in Zaria, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 190 consenting women and each was analysed for HTLV antibodies and Wilms tumour antigen using ELISA. White blood cell, lymphocyte and platelet counts were measured using an automated haematological analyzer. At the end of the assay the seroprevalence of anti-HTLV antibodies (IgG) was found to be 3.2% (6/190). Results of analysis of anti-HTLV antibodies based on some demographic and risks factors showed that only history of previous transfusion was significantly associated with HTLV infection (p=0.010). The Wilms tumour antigen ELISA results showed that the HTLV positive women had a higher mean Wilms tumour antigen concentration of 116.22±18.39pg/ml compared to the HTLV negative women (66.41±20.13pg/ml). The difference was statistically significant (p=0.00). Haematological analysis showed a non-significant increase (p=0.213, 0.305) in the mean concentration of white blood cell (HTLV positive=6.98±0.132 10^9 cells/L, HTLV negative=6.85±0.93 10^9 cells/L) and lymphocyte count (HTLV positive=2.92±1.114 10^9 cells/L, HTLV negative=2.52±0.93 10^9 cells/L) but showed a significant increase (p<0.017) in the mean platelet count(HTLV positive=249.5±80.35 10^9 cells/L, HTLV negative=178.8±70.45 cells/L) in infected women. Thus the study showed that HTLV is circulating among the women in the study area with high concentration of Wilms tumour antigen among the positive women. In addition, blood transfusion was a risk factor for HTLV infection. Hence it is recommended that screening of blood for HTLV be incorporated in the routine test for blood donors.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
Keywords
SEROPREVALENCE,, HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPHIC VIRUS,, WILMS TUMOUR ANTIGEN,, WOMEN ATTENDING POST-NATAL CLINICS,, ZARIA,, NIGERIA,