TOXICOLOGICAL INTERACTION OF ORGANOCHLORINE AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES IN VIVO
TOXICOLOGICAL INTERACTION OF ORGANOCHLORINE AND ORGANOPHOSPHATE INSECTICIDES IN VIVO
No Thumbnail Available
Date
1989-01
Authors
KIFASI, I. I.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Acute symptoms of toxicity and median
lethal dose (LDso) values by the intraperitoneal
route over 24 hours for commercial formulations of
dimethoate (Rogor® and Perfekthion®), aldrin and
lindane were determined in mice. The difference
found in LDso values for Rogor® (272. 1mg/kg) and
Perfekthion® (165mg/kg) formulations of dimethoate
showed that differences in formulations could
alter the toxicity of technical grade compounds.
Aldrin (LDso, 40mg/kg) was found to be more toxic
than lindane (LDso, 249 0mg/kg).
Interactions between aldrin, and lindane
individually with dimethoate were investigated in
vivo in mice. Decreased dimethoate survival time
was observed in mice pretreated for four days with
a single dose of 16mg/kg aldrin. The data (Table
IX) on the effect of aldrin on mice weight and
feed intake appear to suggest that this decrease
(in survival time) could be due to anorexic
effects on the mice which interferred with their
feeding habits, rather than induction of hepatic
microsomal enzymes produced by aldrin. Two days
lindane pretreatiuenc of mice with a single dose of
98mg/kg, increased dimethoate survival time. By
viii
reducing the pentobarbitone sleeping time,
exposure to lindane appears to offer potection to
dimethoate toxicity by a mechanism in the animals
that appears to involve an induction of the
hepatic microsomal enzymes; since the same dose of
lindane shortened the pentobarbitone sleeping
time in mice.
Subchronic daily intraperitoneal exposure
to 25, 50 and lOOmg/kg of dimethoate over thirty
days produced histologic lesions in the lungs,
livar, and kidneys of some of the animals. These
most probably were due to secondary effects of the
pesticides on the tissues of the animals.
It was concluded that exposure to moderate
doses of organochlorires especially those with a
high inductive effect on the liver enzyme may
decrease the mammalian toxicity of some
or ganophosphates.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PHARMACOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND CLINICAL PHARMACY
FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
JANUARY, 1989.
Keywords
TOXICOLOGICAL,, INTERACTION,, ORGANOCHLORINE,, INSECTICIDES,, VIVO.