EFFECTS OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) AND CHLORAMPHENICOL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, SURVIVAL AND BODY COMPOSITION OF HETEROBRANCHUS BIDORSALIS (GEOFFERY, 1809) FINGERLINGS
EFFECTS OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM) AND CHLORAMPHENICOL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, SURVIVAL AND BODY COMPOSITION OF HETEROBRANCHUS BIDORSALIS (GEOFFERY, 1809) FINGERLINGS
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Date
2017-08
Authors
MOHAMMED, Malud Malud
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Abstract
The effects of garlic Allium sativum and chloramphenicol on growth performance, survival and body composition of Heterobranchus bidorsalis was conducted in concrete tanks, Department of Biology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. A total number of one hundred and eighty (180) fingerlings of Heteroranchus bidorsalis of 8.55±0.25 mean weight were assigned to nine treatments with two replicates each. Treatment groups had a different level of garlic (10, 20, 30 and 40g/kg) and chloramphenicol (10, 20, 30 and 40mg/kg) added to their diets, the control group diet was free from garlic and chloramphenicol. The diets also contained 40% crude protein (CP) and were administered at a rate of 5% body weight twice daily for sixteen (16) weeks. The results obtained revealed that the highest final body weight (173.82g/kg and 144.63mg/kg) and weight gain (165.22g/kg and 136.48mg/kg) at 30g/kg and 30mg/kg inclusion of garlic (Allium sativum) and chloramphenicol respectively in the diet were higher than that of the control (97.99g/kg and 89.44g/kg). The highest Survival Rate of (95.00% and 85.00%) was recorded in 30g/kg of Allium sativum and 30mg/kg of chloramphenicol which were higher than that of the control (75.00%). The highest Feed Intake 140.58g and 115.47g were recorded in 30g/kg and 30mg/kg of garlic and chloramphenicol supplemented diets respectively which were higher than the control (96.24g). The Feed Conversion Ratio values indicated improved performance to the levels of garlic and chloramphenicol in the diets where 1.06 and 1.13 was recorded in the 30g/kg and 30mg/kg of garlic and chloramphenicol supplemented diets as against the control which had FCR value of 1.92. Similarly, the highest Protein Efficiency Ratio was 2.87 and 2.81 for the 30g/kg garlic and 30mg/kg chloramphenicol supplemented diets. The control diets was the lowest with 2.17 which is
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significantly lower (p<0.05) than the garlic and chloramphenicol supplemented diets. Crude protein and lipid content in whole fish were significantly higher than the initial carcass protein and lipid in the fish. The highest Apparent Protein Digestability APD of 87.68% and 82.02% were recorded in 30g/kg and 30mg/kg of garlic and chloramphenicol supplemented diets respectively which were higher than the control (79.90%). The water quality parameters obtained revealed that Dissolved Oxygen, Temperature and pH were within the range of (4.03 – 4.34) mg/l, (27.00 – 20.05) °C and (7.07 – 7.57) respectively. The cost-benefit analysis revealed that 10g/kg of garlic and 10mg/kg of chloramphenicol which gave best incidence of cost and profit index to invest at that level. It is however suggested that Allium sativum and chloramphenicol should be incorporated in the fish diets as they promote growth and provide high survival rate.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY, FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
EFFECTS,, GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM), CHLORAMPHENICOL,, GROWTH PERFORMANCE,, SURVIVAL,, BODY COMPOSITION,, HETEROBRANCHUS,, BIDORSALIS,, GEOFFERY 1809,, FINGERLINGS,