UTILIZATION OF NEUTRONS IN NUCLEAR DATA MEASUREMENTS AND BULK SAMPLE ANALYSIS

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Date
1995-03
Authors
Jonah, Sunday Adesunloye
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Abstract
Experimental investigations were carried out with neutrons in the fields of neutron data measurements and bulk sample analysis based on the interactions of neutrons. The principles and techniques of neutron interactions required in the investigations together with some salient features of the sources employed are enumerated. Excitation cross section curves and isomeric cross section ratio of Ni(n,p) Co reaction over the neutron energy range of between 5 and 15 MeV were determined using the activation analysis technique in combination with high-resolution gamma spectroscopy. Characteristics of the incident neutrons produced via the D-T reaction of a neutron generator and D-D reaction of a cyclotron were determined experimentally to account for the contributing effects of background neutrons especially in the 5-13 MeV neutron energy range where existing data are scanty and rather discrepant. The measured data agree well with calculated data using nuclear models but deviate significantly from the recommended data based on existing literature data. The measured ° act and ° m ° g data made it possible to determine the cross section curve for Ni(n,p.)58 Com reaction. Furthermore the flux density distributions of thermal and primary fast neutrons in different configurations of bulk samples consisting of water, graphite and coal together with the attenuation characteristics were determined by the activation analysis and pulse height response spectrometry techniques. From the results obtained, an experimental geometry has been proposed for on-line elemental analysis of coal and other minerals. Similarly the total hydrogen content and O+C/H atomic ratio in household and motor oils as well as crude oil samples of different origins were measured by an improved experimental arrangement based on the thermal neutron reflection technique. A detection limit of 0.12 w %. was obtained for hydrogen indicating the possible adaptation of this technique for quality control of petroleum products.
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A thesis submitted to the Postgraduate School of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. March, 1995
Keywords
NEUTRONS,, UTILIZATION,, NUCLEAR DATA,, MEASUREMENTS,, BULK SAMPLE ANALYSIS
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