BIOREMEDIATION OF TANNERY EFFLUENT AND LIPID PRODUCTION BY CHLORELLA VULGARIS (BEIJERINCK) UTEX 2714
BIOREMEDIATION OF TANNERY EFFLUENT AND LIPID PRODUCTION BY CHLORELLA VULGARIS (BEIJERINCK) UTEX 2714
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Date
2017-01
Authors
BALLI, GAUJE
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Abstract
This study was aimed to assess the potential of Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 2714 to grow and bio-remediate tannery effluent. Tannery effluent was collected from an effluent stream from Tanneries in Challawa Industrial Estate, Kano. The effluent was sterilised and inoculated with 10 % volume of algal inoculum. Hydrogen potential, conductivity and total dissolved solids were determined using Hanna combo pH/EC meter HI 98129. Phosphate, sulphate, free chlorine and nitrate were determined using HACH DR 2400 spectrophotometer. Standard methods were used to determine alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand titrimetrically. Spectrumlab uv - vis spectrophotometer model 752s was used to determine optical density and dry weight while cell count was achieved using an Improved Neubauer Bright-Line hemocytometer. Cadmium, chromium and lead were determined using Shimadzu Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (model AA-6800) while modified Folch procedure was used to extract the lipid from Chlorella vulgaris. Fatty acid profile was determined using Shimadzu gas chromatography mass spectrophotometer (model - 2010p). The study determined the effect of various effluent dilutions 0%, 5%, 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and Bold basal medium (control) on physicochemical parameter, cell growth and lipid production after bioremediation was determined. There were significant reductions in most physicochemical parameters except for biological oxygen demand with concentration ranging from 0.00mg/l in 100%dilution in day 0 to 131.25mg/l in 75% dilution in day 0. This shows that Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 2714 is a good candidate for bioremediation with heavy metal reduction efficiency up to 100%. High dilution of tannery effluent encouraged algal growth while low dilution of tannery effluent showed a long lag phase growth. Lipid production was highest in bold basal medium with 57.25%, SAFA content (%) and PUFA content range from 21.77 to 42.46 and 28.68 to 55.49 respectively. Fatty acid profile shows oleic acid as the most abundant in all the algae cultured in the various dilutions of tannery. Chlorella vulgaris is a good candidate for bioremediation for being able to withstand heavy metal toxicity of tannery effluent even in low dilutions, shows good ability to sequester nutrients so as to reduce eutrophication promoting growth and a good feedstock for biodiesel production with lipid yield as high as 50.97% in 10% dilution.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD
OF
MASTERS DEGREE IN BIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY,
FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERTY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
BIOREMEDIATION, TANNERY EFFLUENT, LIPID PRODUCTION, CHLORELLA VULGARIS, (BEIJERINCK)