THE QUALITY CONTROL OF AMPICILLIN AND AMPICILLIN/CLOXACILLIN SUSPENSIONS MARKETTED IN KADUNA AND ZARIA
THE QUALITY CONTROL OF AMPICILLIN AND AMPICILLIN/CLOXACILLIN SUSPENSIONS MARKETTED IN KADUNA AND ZARIA
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Date
1992-03
Authors
UDOBI, CHINWEIZU EJIKEME
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Abstract
A total of 51 samples of ampici11 in and ampicillin/cloxacillin
Oral Preparations from 5 different companies labelled A, B, C,
D and E commonly used within Kaduna and Zaria township were
assayed using a total of 3 assay methods namely, microbiological,
chemical and spectroscopic methods. The level of their ampicillin
content in relation to the manufacturers claim was ascertained.
Bacillus megatarium NCTC 10342 A76 was found to be suitable for
the microbiological assay of ampicillin. Selective determination
of ampicillin in its combination with cloxacillin using microbiological
assay method was also carried out.
Infra-red spectroscopy comfirms the presence of ampicillin in
all the samples and the results obtained from the assay demonstrate
that the samples had a wide range of amounts of ampicillin. The
percentage ampicillin content range from between 57 - 162 using
the microbiological, chemical and spetrophotometric assay methods.
The products of Company C assayed had ampicillin content less than
80 and 90%. These are lower than the levels recommended by the
BP and USP respectively. Samples from one batch of the products
from Company B had ampicillin content greater than 120% which is
the upper limit recommended by the BP.
Products of Companies A, D and E had ampicillin contents within
acceptable ranges recommended by both the USP and BP.
The non-pharmacopeial methods of Akanni and Ayim (1990) used
gave results which correlate with the results obtained from the
microbilogical assay for the same products.
Results obtained in this work are discussed in the light of the
high rate of drug faking, adulteration, manufacture of sub-standard
drugs and their implications.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE
SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.Sc)
IN PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACEUTICAL
MICROBIOLOGY, FACULTY OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
Keywords
QUALITY,, CONTROL,, AMPICILLIN,, AMPICILLIN/CLOXACILLIN,, SUSPENSIONS,, MARKETTED,, KADUNA,, ZARIA