ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ARTISANAL FISH MARKETING IN KEBBI STATE OF NIGERIA
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ARTISANAL FISH MARKETING IN KEBBI STATE OF NIGERIA
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Date
2007-07
Authors
SULEIMAN, Aminu B
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Abstract
This study analysed the marketing system of artisanal fish in Kebbi State with
the aim to determine characteristics of the market actors; structure, conduct
and performance of the marketing system; profitability of fish processing
enterprises and also the constraints associated with the marketing system.
The data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary
sources. Three types of structured questionnaires were used and primary
data collected from fishermen, fish processors and traders. In addition, group
interviews were carried out covering these three (fishermen, processors,
traders) categories of respondents in the study area. A total of two hundred
and twenty four respondents (224) from these categories were involved in this
study. The analytical tools used include descriptive statistics (average,
percentage, frequency tables,). Marketing margin and net return models were
also used to determine market performance, while the profitability of different
methods of fish processing were estimated using cost, return and profit
functions. Value added and marketing efficiency along the fish marketing
channels in the study area was also determined.
Results show that market participants (fishermen, processors and trader)
have similar socio-economic characteristics in terms of age, marital status,
education, and affiliation to cooperative organizations. There is however,
variation in gender of the participants, years of experience in the artisanal fish
industry and forms of the product they handled. These observed similarities
and variations in characteristics have influence on the roles and functions of
actors in the marketing system of the commodity in the study area, thereby
affecting the performance of the marketing system in both positive and
negative ways. Although the marketing system of the commodity shows
deviations from the perfectly competitive norm, it is however not an extreme
case, that is; it is not completely uncompetitive, but it closely resembles
oligopolistic market structure. Result shows that the profits in naira per basin
of fresh fish processed are N 553.58 and N 539.47 for smoke drying
enterprises using small and large mud processing kiln respectively. Also sun
drying enterprises could make as much as N 308.90 per basin of fresh fish
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processed. Some fish smoking enterprises operates at a loss which ranges
between N -24.58 and N -99.58 in rural and urban markets respectively.
Some sun drying enterprises operates at a loss of up to N -49.14 per basin of
fresh fish processed. Economies of scale, place of sale (urban or rural) and
source of fresh fish are important profit determinants in the fish processing
enterprises in the study area. Fresh fish maintained intermediate total value
added (N 2000) and marketing efficiency of 325.68% along the urban market
distribution chain. Although the marketing system of the fresh fish is more
efficient than that of sun dried fish in both urban (215.21%) and rural
(207.02%) markets; it was found to be less efficient than that of the smoke
dried fish in both urban (752.94%) and rural (693.46%) distribution chains.
This is not unconnected with the least value added in respect of the sun dried
fish in urban (N 1510.00) and rural (N 1452.50) distribution chains as well as
the highest value added to the smoke dried fish along the urban (N 2500) and
rural (N 2302.50) distribution chains. The major constraints to marketing
system of artisanal fish in Kebbi State are high post-harvest fish loss,
inadequate and high cost of transportation, inadequate market information
and dissemination facilities and low operating capital among market
participants.
Some of the recommendations from this study include establishment of adult
education centers in fishing communities of the State to improve educational
status of market actors; development and implementation of programmes by
the State ADP to strengthen and empower cooperatives to improve
information sharing and expand market outlets; The State ADP in
collaboration with other NGO’s should organize and implement a workshop to
train and enlighten women processors on the importance of economies of
scale in processing, and measurement of profitability of alternative
processing enterprises in the State.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE
STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA IN PARTIAL
FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
A Ph.D. IN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS IN THE
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AND RURAL
SOCIOLOGY
JULY, 2007
Keywords
ECONOMIC,, ANALYSIS,, ARTISANAL,, FISH,, MARKETING,, KEBBI STATE,, NIGERIA.