COMPARATIVE RANDOM BLOOD GLUCOSE AND BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS OF PEOPLE IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF SOUTHERN KADUNA, NIGERIA
COMPARATIVE RANDOM BLOOD GLUCOSE AND BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS OF PEOPLE IN URBAN AND RURAL AREAS OF SOUTHERN KADUNA, NIGERIA
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Date
2015-05
Authors
AKINOLA, Deborah Olufunke
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are interrelated diseases that strongly predispose an individual to artherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of Diabetes mellitus and hypertension is rising in Nigeria and their complications present an immense public health burden. The study determined and compared the random blood glucose and blood pressure levels of people living in the urban and rural areas of Southern Kaduna. A total of 1500 volunteers that were 18 years of age and above were sampled. One thousand (1000) were from ten urban settlements in Southern Kaduna while five hundred (500) volunteers were from ten rural villages in Southern Kaduna. The blood glucose levels were measured using advocate blood glucose monitoring system, the blood pressure levels were measured using advocate automatic memory blood pressure monitor model, weight of individuals were measured using Camry mechanical scale and heights were measured using a graduated rod. There was significant difference in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and random blood glucose (RBG) levels in relation to urban settlements compared to rural settlements, pensioners compared to other occupations, the elderly compared to other age groups, those who drink alcohol and smoke compared to those who do not drink alcohol nor smoke, and the obese individuals compared to other BMI groups, but the difference in mean SBP, DBP and RBG was not significant (p> 0.05) in relation to gender. Hypertension was more prevalent in male (18.6%) compared to female (17.1%); in urban residents (26.3%) compared to rural residents (0.6%); in pensioners (75.0%) compared to other occupations; in elderly (62.5%) compared to the young (14.1%); in smokers (27.3%) compared to non –smokers (17.7%); in alcoholics (28.6%) compared to non- alcoholics (17.5%); obese individuals (55.5%) compared to normal weight individuals (10.9%). Life style modifications like regular exercise, abstinence from smoking and drinking of alcohol must be promoted and control measures that will lead to high reduction in blood glucose and blood pressure levels in the groups that are at risk should be taken.
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN EDUCATIONAL BIOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA
NIGERIA.
Keywords
COMPARATIVE,, RANDOM BLOOD,, GLUCOSE,, BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS,, PEOPLE,, URBAN,, RURAL AREAS,, SOUTHERN KADUNA,, NIGERIA.