ABUNDANCE OF INDOOR RESTING MOSQUITO POPULATIONS AND PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM INFECTION OF ANOPHELES SPP IN SETTLEMENTS AROUND THE ZARIA DAM, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE
ABUNDANCE OF INDOOR RESTING MOSQUITO POPULATIONS AND PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM INFECTION OF ANOPHELES SPP IN SETTLEMENTS AROUND THE ZARIA DAM, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE
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Date
2014-05
Authors
MICHEAL, COMFORT
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Abstract
The species composition of mosquitoes resting indoors in settlements surrounding the
Zaria dam, Zaria, namely: Angwan Malami, Angwan Shika and Zaria water works
quarters were investigated. Mosquitoes were caught twice a month for ten months
January to October (2013),by application of pyrethrium spray in rooms where tenants
had slept the previous night. The total mosquito caught were first identified
microscopically,the Anopheles gambiaecomplex were morphologically identified. Using
the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique, the Anopheles gambiaecomplex were
identified molecularly and further assyed by Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay
(ELISA) to determine the sporozoite infection rate. Microscopically, Culex
quinquefasciatus, Culex annulioris, Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles funestus, Anopheles
rhodesiensis, Anopheles arabiensis and Aedes aegypti were encountered. Culex
quinquefasciatuswasthe most abundant with 254 (50.2%), followed by Anopheles
species 134 (26.5%.) and only a single species of Aedes aegypti 1( 0.2%) was collected
in the study. Anopheles gambiaes.l samples identified by PCR (Polymerase Chain
Reaction) were 104 out of which 66( 63.5%) showed the diagnostic fragment (390bp)
characteristic of Anopheles gambiaes.s while 27 (26%) showed the diagnostic fragment
(315bp) of Anopheles arabiensis. The other 11( 10.5%) of the sample were not
amplified. The infectivity rates were 4.3% (2/46), 4.5%(1/22) and 5.1% (1/19) in
Angwan Shika, AngwanMalami and Water Works Quarters respectively. The mean
human biting rates were 0.84, 0.79 and 0.73 respectively while the entomological
inoculation rate is 104.4.This study show An.gambiae, An.arabiensis,Culex
quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegyptia abound in the study area. The infection rate,
inoculation rate and human biting rate revealed during the study have incriminate
An.gambiae and An.arabiensis as the main vectors offalciparummalaria in the
settlements.
Description
A THESIS SUMBITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE
STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL
FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.SC) DEGREE IN ZOOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA.
AUGUST, 2014
Keywords
ABUNDANCE,, INDOOR RESTING,, MOSQUITO POPULATIONS,, PLASMODIUM,, FALCIPARUM INFECTION,, ANOPHELES SPP,, SETTLEMENTS,, ZARIA DAM,,, ZARIA,, KADUNA STATE