OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND ALTERNATIVE HOSTS OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS, WATERMELON MOSAIC VIRUS AND ZUCCHINI YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS ON CUCUMBER IN KADUNA AND KANO STATES
OCCURRENCE, DISTRIBUTION AND ALTERNATIVE HOSTS OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS, WATERMELON MOSAIC VIRUS AND ZUCCHINI YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS ON CUCUMBER IN KADUNA AND KANO STATES
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Date
2021
Authors
ONU, Grace Egbi
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Abstract
Field surveys were conducted during the 2020 dry (February to April) and rainy (August to October) seasons in three Local Government Areas each of Kaduna and Kano States of Nigeria to determine the occurrence and distribution of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) on cucumber. A total of thirty-six farms were surveyed in Kaduna and Kano states, eighteen in each State and a total of 540 cucumber leaf samples and 180 weeds leaf samples were collected during dry and rainy season from the two states. All the samples were screened by Double Antibody Sandwich- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbant Assay (DAS-ELISA). All the three viruses were detected in all the Local Government Areas visited. In Kaduna State Cucumber mosaic virus had an incidence of 10.37 % during the dry season and 16.29 % at the rainy season, Watermelon mosaic virus had an incidence of 3.67 % in the dry season and 4.44 % during the rainy season, Zucchini yellow mosaic virus had an incidence of 0.73 % at the dry season and 5.18 % during the rainy season respectively. In Kano State Cucumber mosaic virus had an incidence of 5.18 % at the dry season and 18.53 % at the rainy season, Watermelon mosaic virus had incidences of 11.58 % at the dry season and 1.48 % during the rainy season while Zucchini yellow mosaic virus had incidences of 0.74 % during the dry season and 4.44 % during the rainy season respectively. Mixed infections were also observed among CMV+WMV with incidences of 4.45 % during the dry season and 2.22 % at the rainy season in Kaduna. CMV+WMV (4.44 %) and CMV+ZYMV (2.33 %) was only observed during the rainy season in Kano State.
This is the first report of ZYMV on cucumber in Nigeria, CMV was the most widespread and prevalent virus infecting cucumber and weed in the study areas. This is also the first reports of Ageratum houstonianum and Alternanthera brasiliana as weed hosts of CMV and WMV in Kaduna and Kano States respectively.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF
A MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN CROP PROTECTION
DEPARTMENT OF CROP PROTECTION,
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA