A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES UPSTREAM OF RIVER KUBANNI, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES UPSTREAM OF RIVER KUBANNI, ZARIA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2018-11
Authors
MUKHTAR, Suleiman
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Abstract
The study did a comparative analysis of discharge measurement techniques upstream of River Kubanni. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance were used to analyze the stream discharge data collected for the study period using the three techniques. From the stream discharges obtained for 2017 and 2018 hydrological year using the weir method, it showed that there is an increment in the flow period from the tributaries with Malmo having the least flow period of 206 days.This study shows a significant difference in the stream discharge having Goruba tributary with the highest discharge value of 2,344,896 m3/yr., followed by Maigamo and Tukurwa with a discharge values of 1,215,648 m3/yr. and 1,127,520 m3/yr. respectively, while Malmo tributary has the smallest discharge of 508,896 m3/yr. using the weir technique because it gives the discharge throughout the flow period. The results shows a strong relationship between the stream discharge and the size of a river.In order to examine the most effective methods for measuring stream discharge the results observed from this study shows that the F- calculated for Malmo was 1.189 while F- critical was 3.09, Tukurwa has F-calculated of 0.510 while F-critical was 3.09, Maigamo has F-calculated of 0.911 while the F-critical was 3.09 and Goruba has F-calculated of 1.663 while the F-critical was 3.09 all at 0.05 significance level. The result show that there is no significant difference between the river discharges values obtained from the three techniques. Thus, both methods were suitable for the stream discharge measurements on the stream channels. The study therefore recommends that there should be continuous monitoring of stream discharge since it is the first requisite for planning of water resources development, measures to mitigate siltation should be employed because there is a relationship between stream discharge and sediment yield and lastly it is recommended that for small river channels, the weir method is the most effective technique for stream discharge measurement because of its consistency.
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A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA-NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN GEOGRAPHY
DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA
Keywords
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS,, DISCHARGE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES UPSTREAM,, RIVER KUBANNI,, ZARIA,, KADUNA STATE,, NIGERIA,