COMPARATIVE CHEMOPREVENTIVE POTENTIALS OF THE FRUIT-PULPS OF DIALIUM GUINEENSE AND DETARIUM MICROCARPUM IN N- METHYL NITROSOUREA (MNU) INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS IN RATS
COMPARATIVE CHEMOPREVENTIVE POTENTIALS OF THE FRUIT-PULPS OF DIALIUM GUINEENSE AND DETARIUM MICROCARPUM IN N- METHYL NITROSOUREA (MNU) INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS IN RATS
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2017-10
Authors
LIMAN, MUBARAK LABARAN
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Dialium guineense (Wild) andDetariummicrocarpumGuill. &Perrare leguminous African plants used as dietary flavorings and thickeners and also are utilized in African ethno-medicine for the management of gastrointestinal ailments.The study is aimed at establishing the comparative potential of fruits-pulps of D. guineense andD. microcarpum in chemoprevention of colon carcinogenesis in rats.In an experimental N-methyl nitroso urea (MNU) induced colon carcinogenesis in rats, various concentrations of D.microcarpumand D. guineense fruit-pulpswere incorporated in diets of rats and evaluated for their chemo-preventive effects. After acclimatization, the rats were divided into 10 groups with 7 rats each and fed for 12 weeks with diets in which 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0% D. microcarpum or D. guineenseportions were included by incorporation. The test groups were then intoxicated with MNU intrarectally at 72hourly interval for another 12 weeks while being fed with the experimental diets. Respective control groups, fed similar concentrations of the incorporated diet only and unincorporated diet with and without MNU intoxicationwere also included. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and whole bloodcollected for haematological analysis with serum separated for sandwich ELISA assay of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and organ function assays. Liver, kidney and colon partswere collected and homogenized for antioxidant and tissue peroxidation assays. Sections of these tissues were subjected to histopathological studies with further immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the colon using mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) antibody. A significant (p<0.05) elevation was observed in levels of CEA (138.37± 12.05 ng/ml) in the MNU positive control group when compared with the test groups on supplemented diets and the negative control group (63.12± 4.26 to 98.23± 8.73 ng/ml). The groups on 10% fruit-pulps incorporated diets particularly
showed significantly(p<0.05)lower CEA levels (63.12 ± 4.26and 80.15 ± 5.80 ng/ml). Histopathological and IHC staining of the colon in the treated groups showed mild changes in tissues with moderate to high expression of the MLH1 antigen, when compared with the MNU control group which showed severe tissue damage and mild expression of the antigen.Taken together with the preceding findings on antioxidant and toxicity status, it was concluded that the inclusion of fruit-pulps of D. microcarpumand D. guineense in the experimental diet protected the blood and the organs of rats from induced MNU toxicity; prevented oxidative stress and other processes involved in colon carcinogenesis in rats; with D. microcarpumshowing a higher protection therebyjustifying theirusage in foods and traditional medicine.
Description
A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
COMPARATIVE CHEMOPREVENTIVE POTENTIALS,, FRUIT-PULPS,, DIALIUM GUINEENSE,, DETARIUM MICROCARPUM,, N- METHYL NITROSOUREA,, INDUCED COLON CARCINOGENESIS,, RATS