SOME ASPECTS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SENSITIVITY OF BOVINE TRYPANOSOMOSIS IN KAURA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE
SOME ASPECTS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SENSITIVITY OF BOVINE TRYPANOSOMOSIS IN KAURA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE
No Thumbnail Available
Date
1998-03
Authors
DOMINIC, BAWA MAIKAJE
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Outbreaks of tsetse fly infestation and bovine trypanosomosis in Kaura Local
Government area (LGA) of Kaduna State, leading to high cattle mortality and mass
exodus of settled Fulani pastoralists from the area were reported in the National Concord
daily Newspaper of 6th November, 1990. Using the biconical and NiTse tsetse traps,
Glossina palpalis palpalis and G. tachinoides were caught only along the banks of River
Kajim in Kaura LGA. Stomoxys calcitrans. Haematopota spp, and Tabanus spp were
detected in every part of the LGA using the same tsetse trapping equipment. Results of
parasitological surveys conducted in this LGA revealed dry and rainy seasons bovine
trypanosomosis prevalence rates of 17.26% and 53.04%, respectively. The antigen
capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed bovine typanosomosis
prevalence rates of 49.40% and 63.48%, respectively during the two seasons. The
principal etiologic agents of bovine trypanosomosis detected during these investigations
were Trypanosoma brucei, followed by T. congolense and T. vivax and mixed infections
with the three trypanosome species.
Drug sensitivity tests conducted in Red Sokoto goats revealed complete sensitivity
of the X, brueei isolate to diminazene diaceturate (BerenilR ) and isometamidium chloride
(Samorin ), at doses of 7 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg body weight respectively. On the other
hand, the T. congolense isolate in one of three experimentally infected goats relapsed to
diminazenc at 7 mg/kg body weight three weeks post treatment. The remaining two, and
three others from another group, infected with the same trypanosome isolate were cured
with the 7.0 mg/kg diminazene and 0.5 mg/kg isometamidium respectively.
It was concluded that there were outbreaks of bovine trypanosomosis and its
vectors which could hamper cattle breeding in Kaura LGA. The seemingly efficient
trapping of the bovine trypanosomosis vectors using the biconical and NiTse tsetse traps
observed during this study suggests that the large scale use of this locally fabricated
equipment might effectively control these biting flies in Kaura LGA. Similarly, inspite of
the rampant misuse of trypanocidal drugs in this LGA, many trypanosome isolates are still
apparently sensitive to the therapeutic doses of the commonly used trypanocides -
diminazene diaceturate and isometamidium cloride. The
chemothcrapcutic/chcinoprophylactic treatment of cattle may provide another viable
option for the control of bovine trypanosomosis in Kama LGA.
Description
A thesis in the Department of Parasitology and Entomology,
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, submitted to the Postgraduate
School, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the award of the Doctor of Philosophy
(Ph.D) degree in Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology.
March, 1998
Keywords
EPIDEMIOLOGY,, DRUG SENSITIVITY,, BOVINE TRYPANOSOMOSIS,, KAURA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE