CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TEA AND COFFEE IN THE CAMEROON MARKET
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TEA AND COFFEE IN THE CAMEROON MARKET
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Date
1994-06
Authors
NDIFOR-ANGWAFOR, NCHE GEORGE
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Abstract
Analysis was performed on some tea and coffee samples
sold on the Cameroon markets. The tea and coffee samples
were processed and packed in Cameroon Development
Corporation (C.D.C), North West Co-operative Association
Limited (N.W.C.A) and "Union Centrale des Co-operative
Agricoles de L'Ouest" (U.C.C.A.O) . They were analysed for
their caffeine, tannin, water-soluble ash, moisture content,
ash content, alkalinity of the soluble ash and for the
inorganic elements phosphorus, magnesium, potassium,
calcium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron and sodium. Some
physico-chemical studies were carried out on the samples.
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the
determination of the mineral elements except phosphorus
which was determined by the yellow method. Conventional
methods of chemical analysis were used for the determination
of mositure content, ash content, water-soluble ash,
alkalinity of soluble ash, water extractive, caffeine and
tannin contents of the samples.
The results showed that for the tea samples moisture
content ranged from 4.94 to 7.91 per cent, ash content 5.48
to 7.87 per cent, water-soluble ash 2.22 to 4.56 per cent,
alkalinity of soluble ash 0.09 to 0.29 per cent, total
organic matter 92.13 to 94.52 per cent, total nitrogen 3.60
to 9.09 per cent. Water extractive for particle size withhighest extraction using sachets ranges from 30.75 to 34.77
per cent while water extractive for particle size with
highest extracton without using sachets ranges from 31.00 to
35.4 per cent. Tannin content for the whole samples ranges
from 45.07 to 72.03 mg/g while for peak particle sizes it
ranges from 43.40 to 62.60 mg/g and for particle sizes with
highest extraction ranges from 44.20 to 73.33 mg/g.
Caffeine content for the peak particle sizes range from 2.66
to 5.76 per cent while for the particle sizes with highest
extraction, it ranges from 3.14 to 5.79 per cent. The
mineral elements determined have values ranging from 1.02 x
102 to 3.90 x 104 mg/g.
For the coffee samples moisture content ranges from
0.55 to 7.48 per cent, ash content ranges from 4.14 to 6.73,
per cent water-soluble ash ranges from 3.10 to 5.40 per
cent, alkanility of soluble ash ranges from 0.59 to 0.89 per
cent, total organic matter ranges from 93.27 to 95.86 per
cent and total nitrogen ranges from 4.09 to 5.58 per cent.
Water extractives for particle size with highest extraction
using sachets ranges from 24.58 to 28.96 per cent while that
for particle size with highest extraction without using
sachets ranges from 22.26 to 24.83 per cent. Tannin content
for whole samples ranges from 45.73 to 79.04 mg/g and that
for peak particle sizes ranges from 35.87 to 43.74 mg/g
while that for particle size with highest extraction ranges
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from 40.05 to 45.07 mg/g. Caffeine content for the whole
samples ranges from 3.15 to 4.47 per cent, that for particle
sizes with highest extraction ranges from 3.62 to 4.62 per
cent while that for peak particle sizes ranges from 3.18 to
3.98 per cent. Mineral elements determined have
concentration ranging from 30.00 to 9.80 x 104 mg/g.
The results of the physico-chemical studies showed that
the percentage of maximum extraction of the blue tea labels
that occurred at 5 minutes ranges from 87.42 to 95.20 while
for the red labels it ranges from 81.08 to 84.36. For the
coffee samples it ranges from 77.98 to 83.33 for the
unblended coffee while for the blended ones it ranges from
74.19 to 83.87. This could probably justify the 5 minutes
of infusion in hot water recommended by the producers since
for both tea and coffee samples more than 70 per cent of the
maximum extraction was obtained during the first 5 minutes.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE AHMADU BELLO
UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY
ZARIA - NIGERIA
JUNE, 1994
Keywords
CHEMICAL,, ANALYSIS,, TEA,, COFFEE,, CAMEROON,, MARKET.