CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF TEA AND COFFEE IN THE CAMEROON MARKET

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Date
1994-06
Authors
NDIFOR-ANGWAFOR, NCHE GEORGE
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Abstract
Analysis was performed on some tea and coffee samples sold on the Cameroon markets. The tea and coffee samples were processed and packed in Cameroon Development Corporation (C.D.C), North West Co-operative Association Limited (N.W.C.A) and "Union Centrale des Co-operative Agricoles de L'Ouest" (U.C.C.A.O) . They were analysed for their caffeine, tannin, water-soluble ash, moisture content, ash content, alkalinity of the soluble ash and for the inorganic elements phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, calcium, copper, zinc, manganese, iron and sodium. Some physico-chemical studies were carried out on the samples. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the determination of the mineral elements except phosphorus which was determined by the yellow method. Conventional methods of chemical analysis were used for the determination of mositure content, ash content, water-soluble ash, alkalinity of soluble ash, water extractive, caffeine and tannin contents of the samples. The results showed that for the tea samples moisture content ranged from 4.94 to 7.91 per cent, ash content 5.48 to 7.87 per cent, water-soluble ash 2.22 to 4.56 per cent, alkalinity of soluble ash 0.09 to 0.29 per cent, total organic matter 92.13 to 94.52 per cent, total nitrogen 3.60 to 9.09 per cent. Water extractive for particle size withhighest extraction using sachets ranges from 30.75 to 34.77 per cent while water extractive for particle size with highest extracton without using sachets ranges from 31.00 to 35.4 per cent. Tannin content for the whole samples ranges from 45.07 to 72.03 mg/g while for peak particle sizes it ranges from 43.40 to 62.60 mg/g and for particle sizes with highest extraction ranges from 44.20 to 73.33 mg/g. Caffeine content for the peak particle sizes range from 2.66 to 5.76 per cent while for the particle sizes with highest extraction, it ranges from 3.14 to 5.79 per cent. The mineral elements determined have values ranging from 1.02 x 102 to 3.90 x 104 mg/g. For the coffee samples moisture content ranges from 0.55 to 7.48 per cent, ash content ranges from 4.14 to 6.73, per cent water-soluble ash ranges from 3.10 to 5.40 per cent, alkanility of soluble ash ranges from 0.59 to 0.89 per cent, total organic matter ranges from 93.27 to 95.86 per cent and total nitrogen ranges from 4.09 to 5.58 per cent. Water extractives for particle size with highest extraction using sachets ranges from 24.58 to 28.96 per cent while that for particle size with highest extraction without using sachets ranges from 22.26 to 24.83 per cent. Tannin content for whole samples ranges from 45.73 to 79.04 mg/g and that for peak particle sizes ranges from 35.87 to 43.74 mg/g while that for particle size with highest extraction ranges vii from 40.05 to 45.07 mg/g. Caffeine content for the whole samples ranges from 3.15 to 4.47 per cent, that for particle sizes with highest extraction ranges from 3.62 to 4.62 per cent while that for peak particle sizes ranges from 3.18 to 3.98 per cent. Mineral elements determined have concentration ranging from 30.00 to 9.80 x 104 mg/g. The results of the physico-chemical studies showed that the percentage of maximum extraction of the blue tea labels that occurred at 5 minutes ranges from 87.42 to 95.20 while for the red labels it ranges from 81.08 to 84.36. For the coffee samples it ranges from 77.98 to 83.33 for the unblended coffee while for the blended ones it ranges from 74.19 to 83.87. This could probably justify the 5 minutes of infusion in hot water recommended by the producers since for both tea and coffee samples more than 70 per cent of the maximum extraction was obtained during the first 5 minutes.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA - NIGERIA JUNE, 1994
Keywords
CHEMICAL,, ANALYSIS,, TEA,, COFFEE,, CAMEROON,, MARKET.
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