ANTIBACTERIAL AND WATER PURIFICATION ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA
ANTIBACTERIAL AND WATER PURIFICATION ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA
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Date
2006-10
Authors
SANI, FATIMA GWARZO
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Abstract
The Moringa oleifera seeds and leaves extract using hexane and
ethanol as solvents were screened and found to contain important
bioactive components, including alkaloids, steroids, tannins, reducing
sugar, glycosides, flavonoids, saponnins, resins, and higher fatty acids.
They were also screened for their antibacterial activity on
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi,
Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Enterococcus faecalis,
using disc diffusion method. The ethanolic and hexane leaves extract
at 10% (100μg/ml) and 20% (200μg/ml) were inhibitory to
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while hexane leaves extract at 20%
(200μg/ml) was found to be inhibitory to Enterococcus faecalis.
Ethanolic Leaves extract at 20% (200μg/ml) was found to be inhibitory
to Staphylococcus aureus. On further dilutions, MIC values were
12.00μg/ml for hexane extract and 25.00μg/ml for ethanol extract
against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for hexane and ethanolic extracts
respectively and the activity was found to be bacteriostatic at the above
concentrations. There was no inhibitory activity against all the six
bacteria when ethanol and hexane seeds extract are used. The study
also revealed the purification activity of seeds of Moringa oleifera,
when A.B.U. Dam water was used as raw water. Physio-chemical
analysis on water samples after treatment with Moringa seeds
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(suspension) showed that, there was reduction in turbidity from 5NTU
(raw water) to 0.81 NTU (water treated with 15mg/l concentration of the
seeds suspension). There was also a reduction in hardness from
34mg/l CaCO3 (raw water) to 10-21mg/l CaCO3 of water samples
treated with seeds suspension. The pH was found to be independent
for both hardness and seed concentrations, it ranges from 6.9-7.4.
There was decrease of colour intensity, i.e. 20Ho (raw water) to 5Ho-
15Ho for water treated with seed suspension. Water treated with seed
suspension at 10mg/l was the clearest, then followed by that with
15mg/l and 20mg/l and they were all found with lesser turbidity. There
was also a reduction in bacterial load from water samples treated with
seed and with alum. Paired t test Analysis showed that, there was
significant difference between the means of colonies formed between
raw water and water treated with seeds at 10-2 i.e. (37.18) (P>0.05,
95% confidence interval). Also there was significance between raw
water and water treated with alum at 10-2 i.e. (16.48). However the
alum activity was significantly low compared to that of seeds
suspension.
Description
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSTGRADUATE
SCHOOL, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA - NIGERIA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF
MASTERS DEGREE IN MICROBIOLOGY.
DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY FACULTY OF
SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA - NIGERIA
OCTOBER, 2006
Keywords
ANTIBACTERIAL,, WATER,, PURIFICATION,, ACTIVITIES,, MORINGA,, OLEIFERA