STUDIES OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES TRANSMITTING MALARIA IN PARTS OF JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
STUDIES OF ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES TRANSMITTING MALARIA IN PARTS OF JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
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Date
2016-02
Authors
AHMED, Umar Adamu
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Abstract
Studies of Anopheles mosquitoes transmitting malaria in some villages of Jigawa State were
conducted to establish morpho-species and highliting the members transmitting malaria. A
total of 1,863 adult Anopheles were collected, 591 (31.72%) by indoor residual spray
collection while 1,272 (68.28%) were reared Anopheles larvae/pupae. Morphological
characters and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were employed in the identification of
Anopheles species while Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was employed to
determine their infection by Plasmodium. Morphologically, two species, An. gambiae s.l. and
An. funestus were identified, these comprised of 1,362 (73.11%) and 501 (26.89%)
respectively. Molecular studies by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) separated An. gambiae
s.l. into 1149 (84.36%) An. gambiae s.s and 213 (15.64%) An. arabiensis. Molecular study of
An. gambiae s.s. yielded 222 (19.32%) M-form and 927 (80.68%) S-form. The amplification
of the 16s rDNA has revealed occurrence of a M/S hybrid in Auyo indoor anopheline
population collected. There were 1,373 (73.70%) Anopheles during the rainy season and
490(26.30%) in dry season. The highest population of mosquitoes caught was in September
311 (16.70%). The distribution of Anopheles according to study locations showed that
Kirikasamma had the highest 162 (8.70%) mosquito population while Jahun had the lowest
16 (0.85%). Of 591 Anopheles examined by ELISA, 43 (7.28%) were infected with
Plasmodium. Of the 43 infected mosquitoes, 10 (23.25%) were An. arabiensis, 5 (11.63%)
M-form and 28 (65.12%) S-form. Plasmodium falciparum 32 (74.42%) was more prevalent
than P. malariae 11 (25.58%). In conclusion, Anopheles funestus, An. Arabiensis, M-and Sform
of Anopheles gambae s.s were the abundant species in the study area. Anopheles
mosquitoes were more abundant in rainy season than in dry season. Transmission was more in rainy season than in dry season. Anopheles species M-and S-forms and An. arabiensis
were transmitting Plasmodium malariae and P. falciparum.
Description
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE POSGRADUATE SCHOOL, AHMADU
BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, NIGERIA IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(Ph.D) IN ZOOLOGY
Keywords
STUDIES,, ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES TRANSMITTING MALARIA,, PARTS,, JIGAWA STATE,, NIGERIA