ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SOAPS PRODUCED FROM BLENDS OF Butyrospermum parkii FRUIT OIL (SHEA BUTTER), Sesamum indicum (SESAME) SEED OIL AND TALLOW
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF SOAPS PRODUCED FROM BLENDS OF Butyrospermum parkii FRUIT OIL (SHEA BUTTER), Sesamum indicum (SESAME) SEED OIL AND TALLOW
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Date
2017-04
Authors
YAHAYA, MUHAMMAD KABIR
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Abstract
The study was conducted to determine the characteristics of soap produced from different fats and oils. Three different blends of Sesamum indicum seed oil, Butyrospermum parkii fruit oil and Tallow were used; nine blends each of Sesamum indicum seed oil and Butyrospermum parkii fruit oil, Sesamum indicum seed oil and Tallow, Butyrospermum parkii fruit oil and Tallow. Cold method of soap making was employed for this research. A total of 30 blends were carried out. Each of these blends were used in producing soap as well as individual oil samples. Palm oil was used as control as well as two commercial soaps; Giv and B-29 soap. The soap samples SHS8 (Shea butter 80% - sesame 20%), SHS9 (Shea butter 90% - sesame 10%) SHT9 (Shea butter 90% - Tallow 10%) and G (Shea butter 60% - sesame 20% - Tallow 20%) with total fatty matter (75.60±0.35), (75.10±0.35), (75.80±0.28) and (75.30±0.28) respectively, gave the best soap judging by % Total Fatty Matter (TFM) while blends E (Shea butter 20% - sesame 60% - Tallow 20%) and F (Shea butter 20% - sesame 60% - Tallow 20%) with foam height (cm3) (91.50±0.71) and (80.00±2.83) respectively gave a better soap in terms of foaming ability. The pH values observed for blended samples at 10% soap solutions were ranged from 10.50±0.14 to 11.20±0.14, while pH values for the commercial soaps used as standard at 10% soap solutions were 10.90±0.14 to 10.95±0.07. Soap sample C (100%Tallow) had the highest pH value of 12.00±0.30 which makes it harsh for the body. Thus, from the results obtained in the present study it can be concluded that due to the favorable physicochemical properties (high %TFM, high pH and high Foam height) of soap samples, some should be recommended for bathing (G, SHS8, SHS9 and SHT9) and some for laundry (D, ST8, ST7, ST9, SHS1, SHS2 and SHS3) judging by % TFM and pH values as well as from the comparison with the commercial soaps used as control.
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A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY,
FACULTY OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES,
AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY,
ZARIA, NIGERIA
Keywords
ASSESSMENT,, QUALITY,, SOAPS PRODUCED,, BLENDS,, Butyrospermum parkii FRUIT OIL,, (SHEA BUTTER),, Sesamum indicum,, (SESAME),, SEED OIL,, TALLOW